[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3461},["ShallowReactive",2],{"word-fu":3,"$fvVK9xnmdqAbWkxDnDKupJPy9m3oExnu_i0nNZnh22jA":54},{"id":4,"character":5,"pinyin":6,"category":7,"meaningEn":8,"examples":9,"commonNouns":22,"difficulty":43,"tip":44,"relatedWords":45,"visualEmoji":48,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":50},"fu","幅","fu2","other","Classifier for paintings, pictures, maps, and curtains.",[10,14,18],{"sentence":11,"pinyin":12,"translation":13},"一幅画","yī fú huà","one painting",{"sentence":15,"pinyin":16,"translation":17},"一幅地图","yī fú dì tú","one map",{"sentence":19,"pinyin":20,"translation":21},"一幅对联","yī fú duì lián","one couplet",[23,27,31,35,39],{"zh":24,"pinyin":25,"en":26},"画","huà","painting \u002F picture",{"zh":28,"pinyin":29,"en":30},"地图","dì tú","map",{"zh":32,"pinyin":33,"en":34},"照片","zhào piàn","photo",{"zh":36,"pinyin":37,"en":38},"对联","duì lián","couplet",{"zh":40,"pinyin":41,"en":42},"窗帘","chuāng lián","curtain",3,"幅 is for flat artwork and images. Paintings, maps, photos — think 'one canvas'.",[46,47],"zhang","pian","🖼️",5,{"chinese":51,"english":52,"tip":53},"\"副\"这个量词很有画面感。想一想\"一副眼镜\"——两只镜片+一个镜框，它们组成一个完整的\"套件\"。\"一副手套\"也是一样，左手+右手=一副。\"一副笑脸\"虽然是比喻用法，但也很形象——眉毛+眼睛+嘴巴一起组成的一个表情组合。在中文里，\"副\"总是暗示这些东西本来就是设计成一对\u002F一套的，拆开来就不完整了。这跟\"双\"不一样，\"双筷子\"只是两根筷子，但\"一副眼镜\"缺了一片就不能用了。","**副 (fù)** creates a vivid mental image. Think \"a pair of glasses\" — two lenses + one frame forming a complete SET. \"A pair of gloves\" — left + right = one 副. Even idiomatically: \"a smiling face\" — eyebrows + eyes + mouth together form an expression set. 副 always implies items designed as a matched set — incomplete when separated. Unlike 双 which just means two matching items.","副 = a matched SET (glasses, gloves, chess). Designed to go together!",[55,109,155,202,247,303,335,393,448,489,526,569,621,665,716,762,823,873,912,958,999,1048,1097,1132,1164,1210,1244,1290,1327,1380,1423,1457,1496,1552,1597,1647,1700,1757,1804,1852,1902,1955,2011,2051,2097,2134,2184,2234,2278,2291,2345,2387,2419,2463,2510,2550,2582,2617,2660,2700,2747,2784,2829,2863,2903,2945,2983,3022,3062,3099,3136,3175,3217,3257,3299,3344,3389,3428],{"id":56,"character":57,"pinyin":58,"category":59,"meaningEn":60,"examples":61,"commonNouns":74,"difficulty":99,"tip":100,"relatedWords":101,"visualEmoji":104,"hskLevel":99,"culturalStory":105},"ge","个","ge4","people","The universal classifier. Used for people and most general objects when no specific measure word applies.",[62,66,70],{"sentence":63,"pinyin":64,"translation":65},"三个人","sān gè rén","three people",{"sentence":67,"pinyin":68,"translation":69},"一个苹果","yī gè píng guǒ","one apple",{"sentence":71,"pinyin":72,"translation":73},"两个问题","liǎng gè wèn tí","two questions",[75,79,83,87,91,95],{"zh":76,"pinyin":77,"en":78},"人","rén","person",{"zh":80,"pinyin":81,"en":82},"苹果","píng guǒ","apple",{"zh":84,"pinyin":85,"en":86},"问题","wèn tí","question \u002F problem",{"zh":88,"pinyin":89,"en":90},"杯子","bēi zi","cup",{"zh":92,"pinyin":93,"en":94},"星期","xīng qī","week \u002F day of week",{"zh":96,"pinyin":97,"en":98},"想法","xiǎng fǎ","idea \u002F thought",1,"When in doubt, use 个! It's the safest choice and native speakers will understand you.",[102,103],"wei","ming","👤",{"chinese":106,"english":107,"tip":108},"\"个\"是中文里最神奇的量词。当你不知道用什么量词的时候，用\"个\"永远不会错！一个人、一个苹果、一个想法——几乎所有东西都可以用\"个\"。有个有趣的现象：现代中国人越来越懒了，年轻人甚至会说\"一个狗\"、\"一个马\"，虽然严格来说应该用\"只\"和\"头\"。语言学家把这叫做\"个\"的泛化现象——它正在慢慢吞噬其他量词的地盘。但记住，在正式场合或考试中，还是要用正确的量词哦！","**个 (gè)** is the most magical measure word in Chinese. When you don't know which classifier to use, **个** will never be wrong! One person, one apple, one idea — almost everything can use **个**. There's a fascinating trend: modern Chinese speakers are getting \"lazier.\" Young people even say \"一个狗\" or \"一个马\", though strictly they should use 只 and 头. Linguists call this the \"generalization of 个\" — it's slowly eating the territory of other classifiers.","When in doubt, use 个! Swiss Army knife of classifiers.",{"id":102,"character":110,"pinyin":111,"category":59,"meaningEn":112,"examples":113,"commonNouns":122,"difficulty":99,"tip":147,"relatedWords":148,"visualEmoji":149,"audioChar":150,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":151},"位","wei4","Polite\u002Fformal classifier for people, used to show respect to guests, teachers, elders.",[114,118],{"sentence":115,"pinyin":116,"translation":117},"两位老师","liǎng wèi lǎo shī","two teachers",{"sentence":119,"pinyin":120,"translation":121},"一位客人","yī wèi kè rén","one guest",[123,127,131,135,139,143],{"zh":124,"pinyin":125,"en":126},"老师","lǎo shī","teacher",{"zh":128,"pinyin":129,"en":130},"客人","kè rén","guest",{"zh":132,"pinyin":133,"en":134},"朋友","péng yǒu","friend",{"zh":136,"pinyin":137,"en":138},"先生","xiān shēng","Mr. \u002F gentleman",{"zh":140,"pinyin":141,"en":142},"女士","nǚ shì","lady \u002F Ms.",{"zh":144,"pinyin":145,"en":146},"专家","zhuān jiā","expert","位 shows respect. Use it for teachers, guests, and professionals — never for yourself.",[56,103],"🙇","魏",{"chinese":152,"english":153,"tip":154},"如果你想表示对某人的尊重，就用\"位\"。\"一位老师\"、\"两位客人\"——听起来比\"一个老师\"、\"两个客人\"礼貌多了。有趣的是，你永远不能对自己用\"位\"！如果你说\"我是一位工程师\"，会让人觉得非常自大，好像在给自己颁奖一样。在古代，\"位\"最初指的是\"位置\"或\"座位\"，所以\"一位\"字面意思是\"占据一个位置的人\"——暗示这个人的地位值得被尊重。这就是为什么酒店前台永远说\"请问几位？\"而不是\"几个？\"","**位 (wèi)** = respect. \"一位老师\", \"两位客人\" sounds much more polite than 个. You can NEVER use 位 for yourself! Saying \"我是一位工程师\" sounds incredibly arrogant. In ancient times, 位 meant \"position\u002Fseat,\" so 一位 = \"a person occupying a position.\" Hotel receptionists always ask \"几位?\" not \"几个?\"","位 = respect. Use for others, never for yourself!",{"id":103,"character":156,"pinyin":157,"category":59,"meaningEn":158,"examples":159,"commonNouns":168,"difficulty":193,"tip":194,"relatedWords":195,"visualEmoji":197,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":198},"名","ming2","Formal classifier for people in a specific role or profession, often used in written Chinese.",[160,164],{"sentence":161,"pinyin":162,"translation":163},"一名医生","yī míng yī shēng","one doctor",{"sentence":165,"pinyin":166,"translation":167},"三名学生","sān míng xué shēng","three students",[169,173,177,181,185,189],{"zh":170,"pinyin":171,"en":172},"医生","yī shēng","doctor",{"zh":174,"pinyin":175,"en":176},"学生","xué shēng","student",{"zh":178,"pinyin":179,"en":180},"护士","hù shì","nurse",{"zh":182,"pinyin":183,"en":184},"警察","jǐng chá","police officer",{"zh":186,"pinyin":187,"en":188},"运动员","yùn dòng yuán","athlete",{"zh":190,"pinyin":191,"en":192},"志愿者","zhì yuàn zhě","volunteer",2,"名 is formal and often used in news or official contexts. Think of it as 'one named person'.",[56,102,196],"yuan","📋",{"chinese":199,"english":200,"tip":201},"\"名\"是一个很正式的量词，经常出现在新闻和官方文件中。\"一名警察\"、\"三名运动员\"——听起来像是在做官方记录。有趣的是，\"名\"和\"名字\"的\"名\"是同一个字！所以\"一名医生\"可以理解为\"一个有名字记录在案的医生\"。在古代科举考试中，考中的榜单叫\"黄榜\"，上面写着每位及第者的名字，每一条记录就是\"一名\"。这就是为什么\"名\"带有一种\"被正式登记\"的感觉。","**名 (míng)** = formal classifier for news\u002Fofficial documents. \"一名警察\", \"三名运动员\". 名 is the same character as in 名字 (name)! So \"一名医生\" = \"a doctor whose name is officially recorded.\" Ancient imperial exams: each successful candidate was \"一名.\" 名 carries the sense of being officially registered.","名 = name on official list. News, resumes, formal writing.",{"id":196,"character":203,"pinyin":204,"category":59,"meaningEn":205,"examples":206,"commonNouns":215,"difficulty":43,"tip":240,"relatedWords":241,"visualEmoji":242,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":243},"员","yuan2","Classifier for members of a group or organization, such as team members or crew.",[207,211],{"sentence":208,"pinyin":209,"translation":210},"一员大将","yī yuán dà jiāng","one general (member)",{"sentence":212,"pinyin":213,"translation":214},"全体员工","quán tǐ yuán gōng","all staff members",[216,220,224,228,232,236],{"zh":217,"pinyin":218,"en":219},"员工","yuán gōng","employee",{"zh":221,"pinyin":222,"en":223},"队员","duì yuán","team member",{"zh":225,"pinyin":226,"en":227},"演员","yǎn yuán","actor",{"zh":229,"pinyin":230,"en":231},"党员","dǎng yuán","Party member",{"zh":233,"pinyin":234,"en":235},"会员","huì yuán","member",{"zh":237,"pinyin":238,"en":239},"船员","chuán yuán","crew member","员 is often part of the noun itself (员工, 队员). As a classifier it emphasizes group membership.",[56,103],"👥",{"chinese":244,"english":245,"tip":246},"\"员\"通常藏在职业名称里面！员工、队员、演员、党员。独立使用时如\"一员大将\"指团队中的猛将。古代军队中\"员\"指编制内名额。\"全员到齐\"=所有人都到了。那种归属感就是\"员\"的味道。","**员 (yuán)** hides inside job titles! 员工, 队员, 演员. Used independently like \"一员大将\" = a mighty general of the team. Ancient armies used 员 for authorized roster positions. \"全员到齐\" = everyone present. That sense of belonging captures 员's essence.","员 = member of a group\u002Fteam. Usually inside job titles!",{"id":248,"character":249,"pinyin":250,"category":59,"meaningEn":251,"examples":252,"commonNouns":269,"difficulty":193,"tip":295,"relatedWords":296,"visualEmoji":298,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":299},"pi","批","pi1","Classifier for batches or groups of people (or goods) arriving or being processed together.",[253,257,261,265],{"sentence":254,"pinyin":255,"translation":256},"一批游客","yī pī yóu kè","a batch of tourists",{"sentence":258,"pinyin":259,"translation":260},"第一批学生","dì yī pī xué shēng","the first batch of students",{"sentence":262,"pinyin":263,"translation":264},"一批货","yī pī huò","a batch of goods",{"sentence":266,"pinyin":267,"translation":268},"一批学生","yī pī xué shēng","a cohort of students",[270,274,275,279,283,287,291],{"zh":271,"pinyin":272,"en":273},"游客","yóu kè","tourist \u002F visitor",{"zh":174,"pinyin":175,"en":176},{"zh":276,"pinyin":277,"en":278},"货物","huò wù","goods \u002F cargo",{"zh":280,"pinyin":281,"en":282},"人才","rén cái","talent",{"zh":284,"pinyin":285,"en":286},"文件","wén jiàn","document",{"zh":288,"pinyin":289,"en":290},"货","huo4","goods \u002F merchandise",{"zh":292,"pinyin":293,"en":294},"药品","yao4 pin3","medicines","批 is about groups arriving together, like a batch. Think of a batch of cookies — but for people or goods.",[56,297],"xiang","📦",{"chinese":300,"english":301,"tip":302},"\"批\"是一个很\"工业化\"的量词。\"一批货\"从工厂出来，\"一批新员工\"入职培训，\"一批药品\"通过检验——都暗示着这些是被**统一处理**的一群。\"批\"和\"群\"的区别：\"批\"强调处理方式（批量生产\u002F处理），\"群\"强调自然聚集（一群羊、一群人）。在新闻中，\"一批\"常出现在经济报道里：\"一批新政策\"、\"一批进口商品\"。考试中\"批\"常和\"货物\"、\"文件\"、\"人员\"搭配。","**批 (pī)** is a very \"industrial\" classifier. \"A batch of goods\" from factory, \"a cohort of new hires\" in training, \"a batch of medicines\" approved — all implying **uniform processing**. 批 vs 群: 批 emphasizes processing method (batch production); 群 emphasizes natural gathering (flock of sheep, crowd). In news, 批 appears in economic reports frequently. In exams, 批 often pairs with goods\u002Fdocuments\u002Fpersonnel.","批 = processed batch. Industrial, business context.",{"id":304,"character":305,"pinyin":306,"category":59,"meaningEn":307,"examples":308,"commonNouns":317,"difficulty":43,"tip":328,"relatedWords":329,"visualEmoji":330,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":331},"huo","伙","huo3","Classifier for groups of people, often with a casual or sometimes negative connotation.",[309,313],{"sentence":310,"pinyin":311,"translation":312},"一伙人","yī huǒ rén","a group of people",{"sentence":314,"pinyin":315,"translation":316},"这伙人","zhè huǒ rén","this bunch of people",[318,319,323,324],{"zh":76,"pinyin":77,"en":78},{"zh":320,"pinyin":321,"en":322},"强盗","qiáng dào","robber \u002F bandit",{"zh":132,"pinyin":133,"en":134},{"zh":325,"pinyin":326,"en":327},"孩子","hái zi","child","伙 can be neutral or slightly negative. '一伙人' just means 'a group', but context matters.",[56,248],"👫",{"chinese":332,"english":333,"tip":334},"\"伙\"有点江湖气。\"一伙人\"可以是朋友也可以是坏人——看上下文！和\"伙伴\"、\"伙食\"同源。武侠小说常见\"这伙强盗\"。古代厨房团队叫\"伙夫\"。核心含义：\"一起做事的一群人\"——做好事还是坏事看你！","**伙 (huǒ)** has street\u002Fgang flavor. Friends OR bad guys — context decides! Shares origin with 伙伴 and 伙食. Martial arts love \"这伙强盗.\" Core meaning: group doing things together.","伙 = gang\u002Fgroup. Context determines good or bad!\n\n\n\n## Animals \u002F 动物类 (5)",{"id":336,"character":337,"pinyin":338,"category":339,"meaningEn":340,"examples":341,"commonNouns":354,"difficulty":99,"tip":383,"relatedWords":384,"visualEmoji":388,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":389},"zhi","只","zhi1","animals","Classifier for small animals, birds, and one of a pair. Also used for some objects.",[342,346,350],{"sentence":343,"pinyin":344,"translation":345},"一只猫","yī zhǐ māo","one cat",{"sentence":347,"pinyin":348,"translation":349},"两只鸟","liǎng zhǐ niǎo","two birds",{"sentence":351,"pinyin":352,"translation":353},"一只手","yī zhǐ shǒu","one hand",[355,359,363,367,371,375,379],{"zh":356,"pinyin":357,"en":358},"猫","māo","cat",{"zh":360,"pinyin":361,"en":362},"狗","gǒu","dog",{"zh":364,"pinyin":365,"en":366},"鸟","niǎo","bird",{"zh":368,"pinyin":369,"en":370},"鸡","jī","chicken \u002F rooster",{"zh":372,"pinyin":373,"en":374},"手","shǒu","hand",{"zh":376,"pinyin":377,"en":378},"眼睛","yǎn jīng","eyes",{"zh":380,"pinyin":381,"en":382},"船","chuán","boat \u002F ship","只 is your go-to for small animals. Think of it as 'one critter'.",[385,386,387],"tiao","tou","pi2","🐱",{"chinese":390,"english":391,"tip":392},"学中文最先学会的动物量词之一。\"一只猫\"、\"两只鸟\"、\"一只手\"——手不是动物？没错，\"只\"也用于身体部位（成对中的一个）。经典笑话：\"你的耳朵？\"\"一只在听你说话，另一只在想事情。\"另外\"只有\"(only)的\"只\"读zhǐ(三声)，初学者常混淆两个\"只\"！","**只 (zhī)** — first animal classifier learned. Cats, birds... and body parts (one of a pair)! Classic joke about ears. Also \"只有\" (only) uses 只 but pronounced zhǐ (3rd tone) — beginners confuse these two 只s!","只 = small critter + one of paired things.",{"id":385,"character":394,"pinyin":395,"category":339,"meaningEn":396,"examples":397,"commonNouns":410,"difficulty":99,"tip":439,"relatedWords":440,"visualEmoji":443,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":444},"条","tiao2","Classifier for long, thin things — fish, snakes, roads, and some abstract items like news.",[398,402,406],{"sentence":399,"pinyin":400,"translation":401},"一条鱼","yī tiáo yú","one fish",{"sentence":403,"pinyin":404,"translation":405},"一条路","yī tiáo lù","one road",{"sentence":407,"pinyin":408,"translation":409},"一条新闻","yī tiáo xīn wén","one piece of news",[411,415,419,423,427,431,435],{"zh":412,"pinyin":413,"en":414},"鱼","yú","fish",{"zh":416,"pinyin":417,"en":418},"蛇","shé","snake",{"zh":420,"pinyin":421,"en":422},"路","lù","road \u002F way",{"zh":424,"pinyin":425,"en":426},"河","hé","river",{"zh":428,"pinyin":429,"en":430},"裤子","kù zi","pants \u002F trousers",{"zh":432,"pinyin":433,"en":434},"新闻","xīn wén","news",{"zh":436,"pinyin":437,"en":438},"规则","guī zé","rules","If it's long and thin — fish, road, river, pants — 条 is your word!",[336,441,442],"gen","duan","🐟",{"chinese":445,"english":446,"tip":447},"太形象了！长的细的东西都用\"条\"：鱼、路、河、裤子、新闻……新闻也有形状？传统报纸像一条条文字排列的。抽象事物也用：\"一条命\"(life)、\"一条心\"(united)、\"一条龙服务\"(one-stop service)。中国文化中\"条\"代表从起点到终点的连续性。","**条 (tiáo)** is so visual! Long and thin: fish, road, river, pants, news... Even abstract: \"一条命\" (a life), \"一条心\" (united). Represents continuity from start to end.","条 = long and thin. If it's long, it's 条!",{"id":386,"character":449,"pinyin":450,"category":339,"meaningEn":451,"examples":452,"commonNouns":461,"difficulty":193,"tip":482,"relatedWords":483,"visualEmoji":484,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":485},"头","tou2","Classifier for large animals, especially livestock like cattle, pigs, and elephants.",[453,457],{"sentence":454,"pinyin":455,"translation":456},"一头牛","yī tóu niú","one cow",{"sentence":458,"pinyin":459,"translation":460},"三头猪","sān tóu zhū","three pigs",[462,466,470,474,478],{"zh":463,"pinyin":464,"en":465},"牛","niú","cow \u002F ox",{"zh":467,"pinyin":468,"en":469},"猪","zhū","pig",{"zh":471,"pinyin":472,"en":473},"大象","dà xiàng","elephant",{"zh":475,"pinyin":476,"en":477},"羊","yáng","sheep \u002F goat",{"zh":479,"pinyin":480,"en":481},"驴","lǘ","donkey","头 is for big animals you'd see on a farm. Big animal = 头!",[336,387],"🐄",{"chinese":486,"english":487,"tip":488},"牛用\"一头牛\"不是\"一只牛\"？因为\"头\"强调体型大！农场大家畜都用\"头\"。\"一只大象\"听起来像迷你宠物，\"一头大象\"才正确。\"头\"用在人身上带贬义：\"大头\"(arrogant)。商业中\"人头\"(headcount)把人变数字。","Why \"一头牛\" not \"一只牛\"? **头** emphasizes BIG size! Farm livestock all use 头. \"一只 elephant\" sounds like a mini pet. 头 for people = negative (\"big shot\u002Farrogant\"). Business \"headcount\" turns people into numbers.","头 = big farm animal.",{"id":387,"character":490,"pinyin":491,"category":339,"meaningEn":492,"examples":493,"commonNouns":502,"difficulty":193,"tip":519,"relatedWords":520,"visualEmoji":521,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":522},"匹","pi3","Classifier for horses, mules, and sometimes cloth\u002Fwolf.",[494,498],{"sentence":495,"pinyin":496,"translation":497},"一匹马","yī pǐ mǎ","one horse",{"sentence":499,"pinyin":500,"translation":501},"一匹狼","yī pǐ láng","one wolf",[503,507,511,515],{"zh":504,"pinyin":505,"en":506},"马","mǎ","horse",{"zh":508,"pinyin":509,"en":510},"狼","láng","wolf",{"zh":512,"pinyin":513,"en":514},"骡子","luó zi","mule",{"zh":516,"pinyin":517,"en":518},"布","bù","cloth \u002F fabric","匹 is almost exclusively for horses (and wolves in stories). Horse = 匹!",[386,336],"🐎",{"chinese":523,"english":524,"tip":525},"\"匹\"基本为马而存在！\"一匹马\"最经典。中国历史上马太重要——战争、交通、贸易都离不开马。古代有完整马匹分类制度但通用量词统一用\"匹\"。也用于狼(\"一匹狼\")，可能因为都是奔跑型动物？布料也用\"匹\"(\"一匹布\")，因古代布匹按匹丈量。","**匹 (pǐ)** basically exists for horses! Horses were crucial in Chinese history — war, transport, trade. Also used for wolves (both runners?) and fabric bolts. Horse = 匹!","匹 = horse (and wolf, and fabric).",{"id":527,"character":528,"pinyin":529,"category":339,"meaningEn":530,"examples":531,"commonNouns":540,"difficulty":43,"tip":561,"relatedWords":562,"visualEmoji":563,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":565},"wo","窝","wo1","Classifier for litters or nests of animals born together.",[532,536],{"sentence":533,"pinyin":534,"translation":535},"一窝小狗","yī wō xiǎo gǒu","a litter of puppies",{"sentence":537,"pinyin":538,"translation":539},"一窝蚂蚁","yī wō mǎ yǐ","a colony of ants",[541,545,549,553,557],{"zh":542,"pinyin":543,"en":544},"小狗","xiǎo gǒu","puppy \u002F small dog",{"zh":546,"pinyin":547,"en":548},"小猫","xiǎo māo","kitten \u002F small cat",{"zh":550,"pinyin":551,"en":552},"蚂蚁","mǎ yǐ","ant",{"zh":554,"pinyin":555,"en":556},"蜜蜂","mì fēng","bee",{"zh":558,"pinyin":559,"en":560},"老鼠","lǎo shǔ","mouse \u002F rat","窝 means 'nest'. A litter of animals born together = one 窝.",[336,385],"🏠",6,{"chinese":566,"english":567,"tip":568},"\"窝\"=\"巢穴\"，所以\"一窝小狗\"=同一胎生的小狗！专门形容同胎生的动物群体。\"一窝蜂\"形容人群一拥而上（不是真蜜蜂）。\"老窝\"是坏人藏身处。\"窝囊\"=懦弱无用。所以\"窝\"既有温暖一面（小猫），也有不光彩一面（土匪窝）。","**窝 (wō)** = nest\u002Fliter. Animals born together = one 窝. \"一窝蜂\" = people swarming. \"老窝\" = hideout. \"窝囊\" = cowardly. Warm side (kittens) and shady side (bandits' lair).","窝 = nest\u002Fliter. Born together = one 窝.\n\n\n\n## Writing \u002F 书写类 (4)",{"id":570,"character":571,"pinyin":572,"category":573,"meaningEn":574,"examples":575,"commonNouns":588,"difficulty":99,"tip":613,"relatedWords":614,"visualEmoji":616,"hskLevel":99,"culturalStory":617},"ben","本","ben3","writing","Classifier for books, notebooks, magazines, and other bound publications.",[576,580,584],{"sentence":577,"pinyin":578,"translation":579},"三本书","sān běn shū","three books",{"sentence":581,"pinyin":582,"translation":583},"一本词典","yī běn cí diǎn","one dictionary",{"sentence":585,"pinyin":586,"translation":587},"两本杂志","liǎng běn zá zhì","two magazines",[589,593,597,601,605,609],{"zh":590,"pinyin":591,"en":592},"书","shū","book",{"zh":594,"pinyin":595,"en":596},"词典","cí diǎn","dictionary",{"zh":598,"pinyin":599,"en":600},"杂志","zá zhì","magazine",{"zh":602,"pinyin":603,"en":604},"小说","xiǎo shuō","novel",{"zh":606,"pinyin":607,"en":608},"课本","kè běn","textbook",{"zh":610,"pinyin":611,"en":612},"日记","rì jì","diary \u002F journal","本 is for anything bound like a book. Book = 本!",[46,47,615],"feng","📚",{"chinese":618,"english":619,"tip":620},"\"本\"最初意思是\"树根\"！引申为\"根本\u002F基础\"(\"本来\")，再演变成书籍量词。古代书是竹简\u002F木牍装订成的，每册像树根一样扎实完整。\"一本正经\"字面=\"一本正经的书\"=像正式出版物一样严肃。日本语韩语都借用此字，整个东亚文化圈都用\"本\"数书！","**本 (běn)** originally meant \"tree root!\" Evolved to \"foundation\" (本来), then book classifier. Ancient books were bound bamboo slips — solid like roots. \"一本正经\" = serious as a published book. Japanese\u002FKorean both borrowed this — whole East Asia uses 本 for books!","本 = book. Root → foundation → bound volume.",{"id":46,"character":622,"pinyin":623,"category":573,"meaningEn":624,"examples":625,"commonNouns":638,"difficulty":99,"tip":658,"relatedWords":659,"visualEmoji":660,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":661},"张","zhang1","Classifier for flat, thin objects: paper, tickets, tables, photos, faces.",[626,630,634],{"sentence":627,"pinyin":628,"translation":629},"一张纸","yī zhāng zhǐ","one piece of paper",{"sentence":631,"pinyin":632,"translation":633},"两张票","liǎng zhāng piào","two tickets",{"sentence":635,"pinyin":636,"translation":637},"一张桌子","yī zhāng zhuō zi","one table",[639,643,647,651,652,653,657],{"zh":640,"pinyin":641,"en":642},"纸","zhǐ","paper",{"zh":644,"pinyin":645,"en":646},"票","piào","ticket",{"zh":648,"pinyin":649,"en":650},"桌子","zhuō zi","table",{"zh":32,"pinyin":33,"en":34},{"zh":24,"pinyin":25,"en":26},{"zh":654,"pinyin":655,"en":656},"脸","liǎn","face",{"zh":28,"pinyin":29,"en":30},"Flat and thin? 张 it is! Paper, tickets, tables, even faces use 张.",[570,47,4],"📄",{"chinese":662,"english":663,"tip":664},"最常用量词之一！纸、桌子、照片、脸——平的薄的都用\"张\"。有趣的是\"张\"也是大姓之一（约1亿人姓张）！\"三张纸\"可能是three sheets也可能是three people named Zhang。\"张\"原意\"张开\u002F展开\"，天然适合描述能展开的东西。嘴巴\"张\"开就是张的动作！","**张 (zhāng)** — one of the most common classifiers! Paper, table, photo, face — flat\u002Fthin = 张. Also a common surname (~100 million Zhangs)! Originally meant \"to spread\u002Fopen.\"","张 = flat and thin.",{"id":47,"character":666,"pinyin":667,"category":573,"meaningEn":668,"examples":669,"commonNouns":686,"difficulty":193,"tip":707,"relatedWords":708,"visualEmoji":710,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":712},"篇","pian1","Classifier for essays, articles, writings, and compositions.",[670,674,678,682],{"sentence":671,"pinyin":672,"translation":673},"一篇文章","yī piān wén zhāng","one article",{"sentence":675,"pinyin":676,"translation":677},"一篇作文","yī piān zuò wén","one essay",{"sentence":679,"pinyin":680,"translation":681},"一篇论文","yī piān lùn wén","a thesis paper",{"sentence":683,"pinyin":684,"translation":685},"写一篇日记","xiě yī piān rì jì","write a diary entry",[687,691,695,699,700,704],{"zh":688,"pinyin":689,"en":690},"文章","wén zhāng","article \u002F essay",{"zh":692,"pinyin":693,"en":694},"作文","zuò wén","composition",{"zh":696,"pinyin":697,"en":698},"论文","lùn wén","paper \u002F thesis",{"zh":610,"pinyin":611,"en":612},{"zh":701,"pinyin":702,"en":703},"报道","bào dào","news report",{"zh":602,"pinyin":705,"en":706},"xiao3 shuo1","novel \u002F short story","For written compositions longer than a sentence. Essays, articles, reports, stories.",[570,46,615,709],"bu","📝",4,{"chinese":713,"english":714,"tip":715},"\"篇\"是文章的量词，但它不止是计数——还带着一种\"完整性\"和\"正式感\"。\"一篇文章\"可以是新闻报道，也可以是个人博客；\"一篇论文\"是学术研究；\"一篇日记\"是私人记录。\"篇\"字上面是\"𠂆\"（像人低头写字），下面是\"扁\"（扁平的纸张），合起来就是\"写在扁平纸张上的完整作品\"。在学术场合，\"发表了一篇论文\"是每个研究者的目标。和\"篇\"容易混淆的是\"片\"——\"篇\"是文字作品，\"片\"是物理碎片。","**篇 (piān)** counts articles\u002Fessays but carries connotations of completeness and formality. \"An article\" could be news or blog; \"a thesis\" is academic research; \"a diary entry\" is personal. Character: person writing above flat paper = \"complete work on flat pages.\" In academia, \"published a paper (篇)\" is every researcher's goal. Easy confusion: 篇 vs 片 — 篇 = written works; 片 = physical pieces\u002Fslices.","篇 = written composition. Articles, essays, theses. Flat pages of text.",{"id":615,"character":717,"pinyin":718,"category":573,"meaningEn":719,"examples":720,"commonNouns":733,"difficulty":193,"tip":754,"relatedWords":755,"visualEmoji":757,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":758},"封","feng1","Classifier for letters, emails, and sealed documents.",[721,725,729],{"sentence":722,"pinyin":723,"translation":724},"一封信","yī fēng xìn","one letter",{"sentence":726,"pinyin":727,"translation":728},"两封邮件","liǎng fēng yóu jiàn","two emails",{"sentence":730,"pinyin":731,"translation":732},"这封推荐信","zhè fēng tuī jiàn xìn","this letter of recommendation",[734,738,742,746,750],{"zh":735,"pinyin":736,"en":737},"信","xìn","letter",{"zh":739,"pinyin":740,"en":741},"邮件","yóu jiàn","email",{"zh":743,"pinyin":744,"en":745},"邀请函","yāo qǐng hán","invitation letter",{"zh":747,"pinyin":748,"en":749},"推荐信","tuī jiàn xìn","recommendation letter",{"zh":751,"pinyin":752,"en":753},"电报","dian4 bao4","telegram","Specifically for sealed\u002Fwritten correspondence. Think 'an envelope of'.",[570,47,756],"jian","✉️",{"chinese":759,"english":760,"tip":761},"\"封\"这个量词和\"信\"简直是天生一对。从古代的\"鸿雁传书\"到现在的电子邮件，\"一封信\"、\"一封邮件\"——沟通的方式变了，但量词没变。\"封\"的本义是\"封口\"、\"密封\"，所以\"一封信\"就是\"一个封好了的信件\"。古人写信写好后会用火漆封口，现在我们点\"发送\"按钮其实也是在\"封\"一封电子信。有趣的是，\"封\"也可以用于某些抽象事物，如\"一封推荐信\"——把对你的评价\"封装\"在一封信里。","**封 (fēng)** and \"letter\" are a perfect pair. From ancient \"wild goose letters\" to modern email, \"a letter,\" \"an email\" — communication methods change, but the classifier stays. 封 originally meant \"seal\u002Fclose,\" so \"a letter\" = \"a sealed letter.\" Ancient letters were sealed with wax; clicking \"send\" today is electronically sealing. Also used abstractly: \"a letter of recommendation\" — encapsulating an evaluation in one sealed document.","封 = sealed correspondence. Letters, emails, documents.",{"id":763,"character":764,"pinyin":765,"category":766,"meaningEn":767,"examples":768,"commonNouns":785,"difficulty":99,"tip":814,"relatedWords":815,"visualEmoji":818,"hskLevel":99,"culturalStory":819},"bei","杯","bei1","food","Classifier for cup-shaped containers and beverages.",[769,773,777,781],{"sentence":770,"pinyin":771,"translation":772},"一杯咖啡","yī bēi kā fēi","one cup of coffee",{"sentence":774,"pinyin":775,"translation":776},"两杯水","liǎng bēi shuǐ","two cups of water",{"sentence":778,"pinyin":779,"translation":780},"一杯茶","yī bēi chá","one cup of tea",{"sentence":782,"pinyin":783,"translation":784},"三杯啤酒","sān bēi pí jiǔ","three glasses of beer",[786,790,794,798,802,806,810],{"zh":787,"pinyin":788,"en":789},"咖啡","kā fēi","coffee",{"zh":791,"pinyin":792,"en":793},"水","shuǐ","water",{"zh":795,"pinyin":796,"en":797},"茶","chá","tea",{"zh":799,"pinyin":800,"en":801},"啤酒","pí jiǔ","beer",{"zh":803,"pinyin":804,"en":805},"牛奶","niú nǎi","milk",{"zh":807,"pinyin":808,"en":809},"果汁","guǒ zhī","juice",{"zh":811,"pinyin":812,"en":813},"酒","jiu3","alcohol \u002F wine","杯 is simple — it's for anything in a cup or glass. Cheers!",[816,817,56],"wan","ping","☕",{"chinese":820,"english":821,"tip":822},"\"杯\"是生活中最常用的量词之一。\"一杯茶\"、\"一杯酒\"——中国人社交离不开杯子。有趣的是，古代的\"杯\"和现代的很不一样。最早的杯子是用骨头或竹子做的，贵族用玉杯或青铜杯。唐代诗人李白特别爱喝酒，他的诗里\"杯\"字出现了几百次！\"举杯邀明月，对影成三人\"——一个人、一杯酒、月亮和影子，成了四个\"人\"。这就是中国式的浪漫。另外注意：\"杯\"只用于装液体的容器，不能说\"一个杯\"（那是量词错误）。","**杯 (bēi)** is one of life's most essential classifiers. \"A cup of tea,\" \"a cup of wine\" — Chinese social life revolves around cups. Ancient cups were made of bone or bamboo; nobles used jade or bronze. The Tang poet Li Bai loved his wine — the character 杯 appears hundreds of times in his poems! \"Raising my cup, I invite the bright moon\" — one person, one cup, the moon and shadow make four. That's Chinese-style romance. Note: 杯 is only for liquid-filled containers.","杯 = cup\u002Fglass of liquid. Social life measure word!",{"id":816,"character":824,"pinyin":825,"category":766,"meaningEn":826,"examples":827,"commonNouns":844,"difficulty":99,"tip":865,"relatedWords":866,"visualEmoji":868,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":869},"碗","wan3","Classifier for bowls of food, especially noodles, rice, and soup.",[828,832,836,840],{"sentence":829,"pinyin":830,"translation":831},"一碗面","yī wǎn miàn","one bowl of noodles",{"sentence":833,"pinyin":834,"translation":835},"两碗饭","liǎng wǎn fàn","two bowls of rice",{"sentence":837,"pinyin":838,"translation":839},"一碗饭","yī wǎn fàn","a bowl of rice",{"sentence":841,"pinyin":842,"translation":843},"两碗面","liǎng wǎn miàn","two bowls of noodles",[845,849,853,857,861],{"zh":846,"pinyin":847,"en":848},"面","miàn","noodles",{"zh":850,"pinyin":851,"en":852},"饭","fàn","rice \u002F meal",{"zh":854,"pinyin":855,"en":856},"汤","tāng","soup",{"zh":858,"pinyin":859,"en":860},"粥","zhōu","porridge \u002F congee",{"zh":862,"pinyin":863,"en":864},"饺子","jiǎo zi","dumplings","The go-to measure word for Asian food servings. More specific than 个 for food in bowls.",[763,867,56],"pan","🍜",{"chinese":870,"english":871,"tip":872},"\"碗\"是中国人最亲切的量词之一。\"一碗饭\"、\"一碗面\"——听起来就有家的感觉。在中国文化里，碗不仅仅是餐具，更象征着温饱和生活。老人们常说\"铁饭碗\"，意思是稳定的工作（因为铁碗不会破）。\"砸饭碗\"就是丢掉工作。吃饭的时候，中国人喜欢大家围坐在一起，每人一碗，分享桌上的菜——这种\"一碗一份\"的文化让\"碗\"成为了最温暖的量词之一。","**碗 (wǎn)** is one of China's warmest classifiers. \"A bowl of rice,\" \"a bowl of noodles\" — instantly feels like home. In Chinese culture, a bowl isn't just tableware; it symbolizes nourishment and livelihood. Elders speak of an \"iron rice bowl\" (stable job that can't be broken). \"Smash the bowl\" = lose your job. Chinese families gather around a shared table, each with their own bowl — this culture makes 碗 one of the most heartwarming measure words.","碗 = bowl of food. Warmth, home, family meals.",{"id":867,"character":874,"pinyin":875,"category":766,"meaningEn":876,"examples":877,"commonNouns":886,"difficulty":193,"tip":904,"relatedWords":905,"visualEmoji":907,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":908},"盘","pan2","Classifier for plates of food.",[878,882],{"sentence":879,"pinyin":880,"translation":881},"一盘菜","yī pán cài","one plate of food",{"sentence":883,"pinyin":884,"translation":885},"两盘饺子","liǎng pán jiǎo zi","two plates of dumplings",[887,891,892,896,900],{"zh":888,"pinyin":889,"en":890},"菜","cài","dish \u002F vegetable",{"zh":862,"pinyin":863,"en":864},{"zh":893,"pinyin":894,"en":895},"水果","shuǐ guǒ","fruit",{"zh":897,"pinyin":898,"en":899},"肉","ròu","meat",{"zh":901,"pinyin":902,"en":903},"沙拉","shā lā","salad","盘 is for plates of food. Think of a dish served on a plate.",[816,906],"kuai","🍽️",{"chinese":909,"english":910,"tip":911},"\"盘\"用于盘子装的菜。\"一盘饺子\"——注意饺子既可以用\"碗\"（汤饺）也可以用\"盘\"（水饺\u002F煎饺），取决于怎么盛！中国菜讲究\"摆盘\"(presentation\u002Fplating)，好的厨师像艺术家一样安排盘中食材的位置。\"盘点\"(inventory)、\"开盘\"(market open)、\"算盘\"(abacus)都带\"盘\"字。","**盘 (pán)** = plate of food. \"一盘饺子\" — dumplings can use 碗 (soup) or 盘 (boiled\u002Fpan-fried)! Chinese cuisine values \"摆盘\" (plating). \"盘点\" (inventory), \"开盘\" (market open) all contain 盘.","盘 = plate of food. Presentation matters!",{"id":906,"character":913,"pinyin":914,"category":766,"meaningEn":915,"examples":916,"commonNouns":929,"difficulty":99,"tip":951,"relatedWords":952,"visualEmoji":953,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":954},"块","kuai4","Classifier for pieces, chunks, or slices of solid things. Also used for money (kuài = yuan).",[917,921,925],{"sentence":918,"pinyin":919,"translation":920},"一块蛋糕","yī kuài dàn gāo","one piece of cake",{"sentence":922,"pinyin":923,"translation":924},"两块手表","liǎng kuài shǒu biǎo","two watches",{"sentence":926,"pinyin":927,"translation":928},"一块肉","yī kuài ròu","one piece of meat",[930,934,935,939,943,947],{"zh":931,"pinyin":932,"en":933},"蛋糕","dàn gāo","cake",{"zh":897,"pinyin":898,"en":899},{"zh":936,"pinyin":937,"en":938},"手表","shǒu biǎo","watch \u002F wristwatch",{"zh":940,"pinyin":941,"en":942},"香皂","xiāng zào","soap",{"zh":944,"pinyin":945,"en":946},"石头","shí tóu","stone",{"zh":948,"pinyin":949,"en":950},"地","dì","ground \u002F land","块 is for chunks and pieces. Also slang for yuan (money): 十块 = 10 yuan.",[867,47],"🟥",{"chinese":955,"english":956,"tip":957},"\"块\"是最接地气的量词！\"一块蛋糕\"、\"一块肉\"、\"一块钱\"——等等，钱？没错！\"块\"是人民币元的口语量词（\"三块钱\"=3 yuan）。为什么钱用\"块\"？因为历史上银元是铸成块状的！所以\"一块\"=\"一块银元\"。基本上任何可以切成块状的东西都用\"块\"。","**块 (kuài)** = most down-to-earth classifier! Cake, meat, and... money?! Yes! 块 is colloquial for yuan (\"三块钱\"). Historical silver dollars were cast as blocks! Anything chunk-able = 块!","块 = piece\u002Fchunk. Food, money, soap, watches!",{"id":817,"character":959,"pinyin":960,"category":766,"meaningEn":961,"examples":962,"commonNouns":975,"difficulty":99,"tip":992,"relatedWords":993,"visualEmoji":994,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":995},"瓶","ping2","Classifier for bottled items and liquids in bottles.",[963,967,971],{"sentence":964,"pinyin":965,"translation":966},"一瓶水","yī píng shuǐ","one bottle of water",{"sentence":968,"pinyin":969,"translation":970},"两瓶啤酒","liǎng píng pí jiǔ","two bottles of beer",{"sentence":972,"pinyin":973,"translation":974},"一瓶牛奶","yī píng niú nǎi","a bottle of milk",[976,977,978,982,983,987,991],{"zh":791,"pinyin":792,"en":793},{"zh":799,"pinyin":800,"en":801},{"zh":979,"pinyin":980,"en":981},"可乐","kě lè","cola \u002F Coke",{"zh":803,"pinyin":804,"en":805},{"zh":984,"pinyin":985,"en":986},"酱油","jiàng yóu","soy sauce",{"zh":988,"pinyin":989,"en":990},"药","yào","medicine",{"zh":811,"pinyin":812,"en":813},"For anything that comes in a bottle — drinks, medicine, sauces.",[763,816,56],"🍼",{"chinese":996,"english":997,"tip":998},"\"瓶\"代表的是一种\"封装好、可以带走\"的感觉。\"一瓶水\"、\"一瓶牛奶\"——都是密封包装好的东西。在中国，送礼物时常说\"送一瓶酒\"表示尊重，因为瓶装的看起来比散装的正式得多。超市里的商品大部分都可以用\"瓶\"来计量：饮料、调料、药品、化妆品。有意思的是，\"一瓶\"有时候也可以比喻\"一肚子\"，比如\"一瓶不满半瓶晃\"形容人学问不多却爱炫耀——像瓶子没装满却摇得很响一样。","**瓶 (píng)** represents things sealed and portable. \"A bottle of water,\" \"a bottle of milk\" — all packaged and ready to go. When gifting in China, \"a bottle of wine\" shows respect because bottled looks more formal than loose\u002Fbulk. Most supermarket goods use 瓶: drinks, condiments, medicine, cosmetics. Idiomatically: \"half-full bottle makes the most noise\" describes someone who shows off despite knowing little.","瓶 = bottled\u002Fsealed items. Portable and presentable.",{"id":756,"character":1000,"pinyin":1001,"category":1002,"meaningEn":1003,"examples":1004,"commonNouns":1013,"difficulty":99,"tip":1038,"relatedWords":1039,"visualEmoji":1043,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":1044},"间","jian1","buildings","Classifier for rooms and spaces.",[1005,1009],{"sentence":1006,"pinyin":1007,"translation":1008},"一间房","yī jiān fáng","one room",{"sentence":1010,"pinyin":1011,"translation":1012},"两间卧室","liǎng jiān wò shì","two bedrooms",[1014,1018,1022,1026,1030,1034],{"zh":1015,"pinyin":1016,"en":1017},"房","fáng","room",{"zh":1019,"pinyin":1020,"en":1021},"卧室","wò shì","bedroom",{"zh":1023,"pinyin":1024,"en":1025},"教室","jiào shì","classroom",{"zh":1027,"pinyin":1028,"en":1029},"办公室","bàn gōng shì","office",{"zh":1031,"pinyin":1032,"en":1033},"厨房","chú fáng","kitchen",{"zh":1035,"pinyin":1036,"en":1037},"浴室","yù shì","bathroom","间 is for rooms. Any enclosed space you can enter = 间.",[1040,1041,1042],"zuo","ceng","dong","🚪",{"chinese":1045,"english":1046,"tip":1047},"\"间\"是最常用的空间量词。\"一间房\"、\"两间卧室\"、\"三间教室\"——任何有四面墙和一个门的空间都用\"间\"。有趣的是\"间\"也有\"间隔\u002F之间\"的意思（\"中间\"=middle，\"人间\"=human world）。所以\"一间\"字面意思是\"一个有间隔的空间\"——即被墙壁隔开的房间。租房时问\"几室几厅\"就是在问有多少个\"间\"。","**间 (jiān)** = go-to room classifier. Any enclosed space with four walls and a door. 间 also means \"between\u002Fspace\" (中间=middle, 人间=human world). 一间 = \"a spaced-off room.\" Renting: \"几室几厅\" = how many 间s?","间 = room. Enclosed space you can enter.",{"id":1040,"character":1049,"pinyin":1050,"category":1002,"meaningEn":1051,"examples":1052,"commonNouns":1065,"difficulty":193,"tip":1090,"relatedWords":1091,"visualEmoji":1092,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1093},"座","zuo4","Classifier for large structures: buildings, mountains, bridges, statues.",[1053,1057,1061],{"sentence":1054,"pinyin":1055,"translation":1056},"一座楼","yī zuò lóu","one building",{"sentence":1058,"pinyin":1059,"translation":1060},"一座山","yī zuò shān","one mountain",{"sentence":1062,"pinyin":1063,"translation":1064},"一座桥","yī zuò qiáo","one bridge",[1066,1070,1074,1078,1082,1086],{"zh":1067,"pinyin":1068,"en":1069},"楼","lóu","building",{"zh":1071,"pinyin":1072,"en":1073},"山","shān","mountain",{"zh":1075,"pinyin":1076,"en":1077},"桥","qiáo","bridge",{"zh":1079,"pinyin":1080,"en":1081},"雕像","diāo xiàng","statue",{"zh":1083,"pinyin":1084,"en":1085},"塔","tǎ","tower \u002F pagoda",{"zh":1087,"pinyin":1088,"en":1089},"城市","chéng shì","city","座 means 'seat'. Big things that sit on the ground — buildings, mountains — use 座.",[756,1041,1042],"🏛️",{"chinese":1094,"english":1095,"tip":1096},"\"座\"用于大型建筑物或自然地标。\"一座楼\"、\"一座山\"、\"一座桥\"、\"一座雕像\"——共同点：很大而且\"坐\"在地上不动！\"座\"的本意就是\"座位\u002F坐具\"，所以\"一座\"=\"一个坐着的东西\"。想象大山稳坐大地、大桥横跨河流的那种庄严感。城市也用\"座\"（\"这座城市\"），赋予城市人格化的庄严感。","**座 (zuò)** = large structures\u002Flandmarks. Building, mountain, bridge, statue — BIG and SITTING on ground unmoving! 座 originally meant \"seat,\" so 一座 = \"something sitting there.\" Cities too get personified dignity.","座 = large thing sitting on ground. Big and immovable!",{"id":1041,"character":1098,"pinyin":1099,"category":1002,"meaningEn":1100,"examples":1101,"commonNouns":1110,"difficulty":193,"tip":1125,"relatedWords":1126,"visualEmoji":1127,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":1128},"层","ceng2","Classifier for layers, floors, or stories in a building.",[1102,1106],{"sentence":1103,"pinyin":1104,"translation":1105},"一层楼","yī céng lóu","one floor",{"sentence":1107,"pinyin":1108,"translation":1109},"三层蛋糕","sān céng dàn gāo","three-layer cake",[1111,1112,1113,1117,1121],{"zh":1067,"pinyin":1068,"en":1069},{"zh":931,"pinyin":932,"en":933},{"zh":1114,"pinyin":1115,"en":1116},"灰","huī","ash \u002F dust",{"zh":1118,"pinyin":1119,"en":1120},"冰","bīng","ice",{"zh":1122,"pinyin":1123,"en":1124},"含义","hán yì","meaning","层 is for layers — floors of a building, layers of a cake, layers of meaning.",[756,1040,1042],"🏢",{"chinese":1129,"english":1130,"tip":1131},"\"层\"用于楼层或层次。\"一层楼\"、\"三层蛋糕\"、\"一层灰\"——只要是分层的东西就行。成语\"层次分明\"= well-structured\u002Fclearly layered。社会中也用\"层\"来描述阶层（\"上层社会\"=upper class）。\"层\"的核心概念是\"堆叠\"——一层叠一层，像千层饼一样。","**层 (céng)** = layers\u002Ffloors. Building floors, cake layers, dust layers — anything stacked. Idiom \"层次分明\" = clearly layered. Social classes: \"上层社会\" = upper class. Core: STACKING — layer upon layer.","层 = layer\u002Ffloor. Stacked things.",{"id":1042,"character":1133,"pinyin":1134,"category":1002,"meaningEn":1135,"examples":1136,"commonNouns":1144,"difficulty":43,"tip":1158,"relatedWords":1159,"visualEmoji":563,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":1160},"栋","dong4","Classifier for buildings, especially residential houses or apartment blocks.",[1137,1140],{"sentence":1138,"pinyin":1139,"translation":1056},"一栋楼","yī dòng lóu",{"sentence":1141,"pinyin":1142,"translation":1143},"两栋房子","liǎng dòng fáng zi","two houses",[1145,1146,1150,1154],{"zh":1067,"pinyin":1068,"en":1069},{"zh":1147,"pinyin":1148,"en":1149},"房子","fáng zi","house",{"zh":1151,"pinyin":1152,"en":1153},"别墅","bié shù","villa",{"zh":1155,"pinyin":1156,"en":1157},"公寓","gōng yù","apartment","栋 is similar to 座 but more specifically for residential buildings.",[756,1040,1041],{"chinese":1161,"english":1162,"tip":1163},"\"栋\"专门用于住宅建筑。\"一栋楼\"、\"两栋别墅\"——注意和\"座\"的区别：\"座\"更宏大（桥梁、山脉都可以），\"栋\"则聚焦于居住用途。这个字本身就是\"栋梁\"(beam\u002Fpillar)的\"栋\"——房屋的主梁！房地产广告最爱用\"栋\"——\"仅余三栋\"听起来比\"只剩三幢\"高级多了。","**栋 (dòng)** = residential buildings specifically. Unlike 座 (bridges\u002Fmountains), 栋 focuses on dwellings. This IS the 栋 in 栋梁 (pillar\u002Fbeam) — a house's main beam! Real estate ads love 栋 — sounds fancier.","栋 = residential building. House\u002Fapartment building.\n\n\n\n## Transport \u002F 交通工具类 (4)",{"id":1165,"character":1166,"pinyin":1167,"category":1168,"meaningEn":1169,"examples":1170,"commonNouns":1179,"difficulty":99,"tip":1200,"relatedWords":1201,"visualEmoji":1205,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1206},"liang","辆","liang4","transport","Classifier for wheeled vehicles: cars, bikes, buses.",[1171,1175],{"sentence":1172,"pinyin":1173,"translation":1174},"一辆车","yī liàng chē","one car",{"sentence":1176,"pinyin":1177,"translation":1178},"两辆自行车","liǎng liàng zì xíng chē","two bicycles",[1180,1184,1188,1192,1196],{"zh":1181,"pinyin":1182,"en":1183},"车","chē","car \u002F vehicle",{"zh":1185,"pinyin":1186,"en":1187},"自行车","zì xíng chē","bicycle",{"zh":1189,"pinyin":1190,"en":1191},"摩托车","mó tuō chē","motorcycle",{"zh":1193,"pinyin":1194,"en":1195},"公交车","gōng jiāo chē","bus",{"zh":1197,"pinyin":1198,"en":1199},"卡车","kǎ chē","truck","辆 is for wheeled land vehicles. Car, bike, bus — all use 辆.",[1202,1203,1204],"sou","jia","lie","🚗",{"chinese":1207,"english":1208,"tip":1209},"\"辆\"用于所有有轮子的交通工具。\"一辆车\"、\"一辆自行车\"、\"一辆公交车\"、\"一辆卡车\"——只要是有轮子的陆地载具都用\"辆\"。有趣的是\"辆\"字里面藏着\"两\"（兩），因为古代的车都是**两**个轮子的！后来四轮车发明了但量词没改。下次看到\"辆\"字，想想里面的\"两\"——两个轮子跑得快！","**辆 (liàng)** = wheeled vehicles. Car, bicycle, bus, truck — anything with wheels on land. Fun fact: 辆 contains \"two\" (两) inside because ancient chariots had TWO wheels! See the \"两\" in 辆 next time!","辆 = wheeled vehicle. Contains \"two\" = two wheels!",{"id":1202,"character":1211,"pinyin":1212,"category":1168,"meaningEn":1213,"examples":1214,"commonNouns":1223,"difficulty":193,"tip":1237,"relatedWords":1238,"visualEmoji":1239,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":1240},"艘","sou1","Classifier for boats and ships.",[1215,1219],{"sentence":1216,"pinyin":1217,"translation":1218},"一艘船","yī sōu chuán","one boat",{"sentence":1220,"pinyin":1221,"translation":1222},"两艘军舰","liǎng sōu jūn jiàn","two warships",[1224,1225,1229,1233],{"zh":380,"pinyin":381,"en":382},{"zh":1226,"pinyin":1227,"en":1228},"军舰","jūn jiàn","warship",{"zh":1230,"pinyin":1231,"en":1232},"游艇","yóu tǐng","yacht",{"zh":1234,"pinyin":1235,"en":1236},"潜艇","qián tǐng","submarine","艘 is exclusively for water vessels. Boat = 艘!",[1165,1203],"⛵",{"chinese":1241,"english":1242,"tip":1243},"\"艘\"专用于水上交通工具。\"一艘船\"、\"两艘军舰\"、\"一艘游艇\"——船无论大小都用\"艘\"。这个字带\"舟\"(boat)字旁，一看就知道和水有关。为什么不用\"只\"或\"条\"？因为\"艘\"专门强调船只作为交通工具的功能属性（可航行、载人）。潜水艇也用\"艘\"——它在水下也是\"艘\"！","**艘 (sōu)** = water vessels only. Boat, warship, yacht — any ship regardless of size uses 艘. Contains 舟 (boat) radical. Emphasizes FUNCTIONAL aspect over physical shape. Submarines too!","艘 = boat\u002Fship. Water vehicle specialist!",{"id":1203,"character":1245,"pinyin":1246,"category":1168,"meaningEn":1247,"examples":1248,"commonNouns":1261,"difficulty":193,"tip":1282,"relatedWords":1283,"visualEmoji":1285,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1286},"架","jia4","Classifier for aircraft, machines with frames, and large musical instruments.",[1249,1253,1257],{"sentence":1250,"pinyin":1251,"translation":1252},"一架飞机","yī jià fēi jī","one airplane",{"sentence":1254,"pinyin":1255,"translation":1256},"一架钢琴","yī jià gāng qín","one piano",{"sentence":1258,"pinyin":1259,"translation":1260},"三架相机","sān jià xiàng jī","three cameras",[1262,1266,1270,1274,1278],{"zh":1263,"pinyin":1264,"en":1265},"飞机","fēi jī","airplane",{"zh":1267,"pinyin":1268,"en":1269},"钢琴","gāng qín","piano",{"zh":1271,"pinyin":1272,"en":1273},"相机","xiāng jī","camera",{"zh":1275,"pinyin":1276,"en":1277},"望远镜","wàng yuǎn jìng","telescope",{"zh":1279,"pinyin":1280,"en":1281},"无人机","wu2 ren2 ji1","drone","Think 'skeleton\u002Fframe' — things with a visible structural frame. Mostly for flying machines and big instruments.",[1165,1202,1284],"tai","✈️",{"chinese":1287,"english":1288,"tip":1289},"\"架\"给人的第一印象就是\"骨架\"、\"框架\"。\"一架飞机\"——你看到的不只是一个飞行器，而是它的机翼、机身、起落架组成的整体结构。\"一架钢琴\"也是一样，里面的琴弦、音板、踏板构成了复杂的\"架子\"。所以\"架\"的核心含义是：**有可见结构框架的东西**。这也是为什么\"一架相机\"可以用——相机虽然小，但也有明显的内部结构。而\"一辆自行车\"就不用\"架\"，因为自行车的结构更偏向于\"轮子+车身\"而不是\"框架\"。","**架 (jià)** immediately brings to mind \"skeleton\" or \"frame.\" \"An airplane\" — you see not just a flying machine but its wings, fuselage, landing gear forming a structural whole. \"A piano\" too — strings, soundboard, pedals forming a complex frame. Core meaning: **things with visible structural frameworks**. That's why cameras use 架 (visible internal structure), but bicycles use 辆 (wheel-focused, not frame-focused).","架 = things with frames\u002Fskeletons. Airplanes, pianos, cameras.",{"id":1204,"character":1291,"pinyin":1292,"category":1168,"meaningEn":1293,"examples":1294,"commonNouns":1303,"difficulty":43,"tip":1320,"relatedWords":1321,"visualEmoji":1322,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":1323},"列","lie4","Classifier for trains and trains of data\u002Fevents.",[1295,1299],{"sentence":1296,"pinyin":1297,"translation":1298},"一列火车","yī liè huǒ chē","one train",{"sentence":1300,"pinyin":1301,"translation":1302},"一列数据","yī liè shù jù","a column of data",[1304,1308,1312,1316],{"zh":1305,"pinyin":1306,"en":1307},"火车","huǒ chē","train",{"zh":1309,"pinyin":1310,"en":1311},"地铁","dì tiě","subway \u002F metro",{"zh":1313,"pinyin":1314,"en":1315},"数据","shù jù","data",{"zh":1317,"pinyin":1318,"en":1319},"队伍","duì wǔ","team \u002F line \u002F queue","列 means 'a line\u002Frow'. Trains run in a line, so train = 列!",[1165],"🚂",{"chinese":1324,"english":1325,"tip":1326},"\"列\"用于火车和排列成行的东西。\"一列火车\"、\"一列数据\"、\"一列队伍\"——核心含义是\"排成一列\u002F行\"。火车之所以用\"列\"是因为车厢一节接一节排列成行。数学中的\"矩阵\"(matrix)由行(row)和列(column)组成，中文正好叫\"行列\"。\"列\"的本质是\"线性排列\"。","**列 (liè)** = trains and things lined up in rows\u002Fcolumns. Train cars link up in a row → 列. Math matrices: rows (行) and columns (列). Essence: LINEAR ARRANGEMENT.","列 = train \u002F column \u002F row. Things in a line!\n\n\n\n## Clothing \u002F 服装类 (4)",{"id":1328,"character":1329,"pinyin":1330,"category":1331,"meaningEn":1332,"examples":1333,"commonNouns":1346,"difficulty":99,"tip":1371,"relatedWords":1372,"visualEmoji":1375,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":1376},"jian2","件","jian4","clothing","Classifier for pieces of clothing, luggage, and abstract matters\u002Fcases.",[1334,1338,1342],{"sentence":1335,"pinyin":1336,"translation":1337},"一件衣服","yī jiàn yī fú","one piece of clothing",{"sentence":1339,"pinyin":1340,"translation":1341},"两件事","liǎng jiàn shì","two matters",{"sentence":1343,"pinyin":1344,"translation":1345},"一件礼物","yī jiàn lǐ wù","one gift",[1347,1351,1355,1359,1363,1367],{"zh":1348,"pinyin":1349,"en":1350},"衣服","yī fú","clothes",{"zh":1352,"pinyin":1353,"en":1354},"事","shì","matter \u002F thing",{"zh":1356,"pinyin":1357,"en":1358},"礼物","lǐ wù","gift \u002F present",{"zh":1360,"pinyin":1361,"en":1362},"行李","xíng lǐ","luggage \u002F baggage",{"zh":1364,"pinyin":1365,"en":1366},"案件","àn jiàn","case \u002F lawsuit",{"zh":1368,"pinyin":1369,"en":1370},"毛衣","máo yī","sweater","件 is for clothing and matters. '一件事' (a matter) is extremely common!",[1373,1374],"shuang","tao","👕",{"chinese":1377,"english":1378,"tip":1379},"\"件\"是最通用的衣物量词。\"一件衣服\"、\"一件礼物\"、\"一件事\"——等等，事情也能用\"件\"？是的！\"件\"既可以指数物（衣服、行李、案件），也可以指抽象事项（事情、案件）。\"件事\"可能是最常见的用法——\"这件事很重要\"。本质是\"个体\u002F单独的一个\"。","**件 (jiàn)** = universal clothing classifier. Clothes, gifts, luggage... and MATTERS? Yes! \"一件事\" (a matter) might be the most common usage. 件 = individual item\u002Funit of anything.","件 = garment\u002Fitem\u002Fmatter. Individual unit!",{"id":1373,"character":1381,"pinyin":1382,"category":1331,"meaningEn":1383,"examples":1384,"commonNouns":1397,"difficulty":99,"tip":1416,"relatedWords":1417,"visualEmoji":1418,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":1419},"双","shuang1","Classifier for pairs of things: shoes, socks, chopsticks, hands.",[1385,1389,1393],{"sentence":1386,"pinyin":1387,"translation":1388},"一双鞋","yī shuāng xié","one pair of shoes",{"sentence":1390,"pinyin":1391,"translation":1392},"一双筷子","yī shuāng kuài zi","one pair of chopsticks",{"sentence":1394,"pinyin":1395,"translation":1396},"一双手","yī shuāng shǒu","a pair of hands",[1398,1402,1406,1410,1414,1415],{"zh":1399,"pinyin":1400,"en":1401},"鞋","xié","shoes",{"zh":1403,"pinyin":1404,"en":1405},"袜子","wà zi","socks",{"zh":1407,"pinyin":1408,"en":1409},"筷子","kuài zi","chopsticks",{"zh":1411,"pinyin":1412,"en":1413},"手套","shǒu tào","gloves",{"zh":376,"pinyin":377,"en":378},{"zh":372,"pinyin":373,"en":374},"双 means 'pair'. Two things that go together = 双!",[1328,1374],"👟",{"chinese":1420,"english":1421,"tip":1422},"\"双\"= pair，成对的东西。\"一双鞋\"、\"一双筷子\"、\"一双眼睛\"、\"一双手\"——两只必须一起用的东西用\"双\"。也有\"双重\u002F双份\"的意思（\"双倍\"=double，\"双赢\"=win-win）。结婚礼物常送\"双\"的东西寓意\"好事成双\"。\"形单影只\"(lonely)字面=影子只有一个、身体只有单——没有配对的孤独感。","**双 (shuāng)** = pair. Shoes, chopsticks, eyes, hands — two things used together. Also \"double\u002Ftwo-fold\" (双倍, 双赢). Wedding gifts come in pairs: \"good things come in pairs.\" \"形单影只\" = lonely — no pair, no match.","双 = pair. Two things belonging together!",{"id":1424,"character":1425,"pinyin":1426,"category":1331,"meaningEn":1427,"examples":1428,"commonNouns":1437,"difficulty":193,"tip":1450,"relatedWords":1451,"visualEmoji":1452,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1453},"ding","顶","ding3","Classifier for things worn on the head: hats, caps.",[1429,1433],{"sentence":1430,"pinyin":1431,"translation":1432},"一顶帽子","yī dǐng mào zi","one hat",{"sentence":1434,"pinyin":1435,"translation":1436},"一顶帐篷","yī dǐng zhàng péng","one tent",[1438,1442,1446],{"zh":1439,"pinyin":1440,"en":1441},"帽子","mào zi","hat \u002F cap",{"zh":1443,"pinyin":1444,"en":1445},"帐篷","zhàng péng","tent",{"zh":1447,"pinyin":1448,"en":1449},"轿子","jiào zi","sedan chair","顶 means 'top'. Things on top of your head (hats) or top-shaped things use 顶.",[1328,1373],"🎩",{"chinese":1454,"english":1455,"tip":1456},"\"顶\"用于头顶上的东西。\"一顶帽子\"、\"一顶帐篷\"——核心概念是\"顶部\u002F顶端\"。\"顶\"作动词时是\"顶起\u002F支撑\"的意思（\"顶天立地\"= towering\u002Fheroic）。帽子戴在头顶上所以用\"顶\"，帐篷也有尖顶。轿子也用\"顶\"（\"一顶轿子\"）——因为轿子有顶棚。\"顶峰\"(peak\u002Fsummit)也是这个字。","**顶 (dǐng)** = things worn on top of head. Hat, tent — core: TOP\u002FPEAK. As verb: \"to support\u002Fuphold\" (顶天立地 = stand tall between heaven and earth). Hats sit on top → 顶. Tents have peaks. \"顶峰\" = highest point.","顶 = hat\u002Ftop. Things on your head or with a peak!",{"id":1374,"character":1458,"pinyin":1459,"category":1331,"meaningEn":1460,"examples":1461,"commonNouns":1474,"difficulty":193,"tip":1490,"relatedWords":1491,"visualEmoji":298,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1492},"套","tao4","Classifier for sets of things: suit, furniture, system, method.",[1462,1466,1470],{"sentence":1463,"pinyin":1464,"translation":1465},"一套衣服","yī tào yī fú","one set of clothes",{"sentence":1467,"pinyin":1468,"translation":1469},"一套房子","yī tào fáng zi","one apartment",{"sentence":1471,"pinyin":1472,"translation":1473},"一套方法","yī tào fāng fǎ","one method",[1475,1476,1477,1481,1485,1489],{"zh":1348,"pinyin":1349,"en":1350},{"zh":1147,"pinyin":1148,"en":1149},{"zh":1478,"pinyin":1479,"en":1480},"家具","jiā jù","furniture",{"zh":1482,"pinyin":1483,"en":1484},"方法","fāng fǎ","method \u002F way",{"zh":1486,"pinyin":1487,"en":1488},"邮票","yóu piào","stamp",{"zh":590,"pinyin":591,"en":592},"套 is for sets. Anything that comes as a complete set — suit, apartment, system — uses 套.",[1328,1373],{"chinese":1493,"english":1494,"tip":1495},"\"套\"用于成套的东西。\"一套衣服\"(suit)、\"一套家具\"(furniture set)、\"一套方法\"(method\u002Fsystem)。核心含义是\"套在一起\u002F配套\"——所有部件组成完整系统。\"套路\"(routine\u002Ftrick)原本指武术招式，现在泛指固定模式或策略。\"旧套\"、\"老套\"= cliché。\"套话\"= hollow words。既有\"完整系统\"正面含义，也有\"刻板模式\"负面含义。","**套 (tào)** = sets\u002Fcomplete systems. Suit, furniture set, method\u002Fsystem. Core: \"fitted together\" — all parts forming whole system. \"套路\" (routine) originally = martial arts sequence, now = any fixed pattern. Both positive (complete system) and negative (rigid pattern) meanings.","套 = set\u002Fsuit. Complete system of matching parts!\n\n\n\n## Tools \u002F 工具类 (4)",{"id":1497,"character":1498,"pinyin":1499,"category":1500,"meaningEn":1501,"examples":1502,"commonNouns":1515,"difficulty":99,"tip":1544,"relatedWords":1545,"visualEmoji":1547,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1548},"ba","把","ba3","tools","Classifier for things with a handle: chairs, umbrellas, keys, knives, fans.",[1503,1507,1511],{"sentence":1504,"pinyin":1505,"translation":1506},"一把椅子","yī bǎ yǐ zi","one chair",{"sentence":1508,"pinyin":1509,"translation":1510},"一把伞","yī bǎ sǎn","one umbrella",{"sentence":1512,"pinyin":1513,"translation":1514},"一把钥匙","yī bǎ yào shi","one key",[1516,1520,1524,1528,1532,1536,1540],{"zh":1517,"pinyin":1518,"en":1519},"椅子","yǐ zi","chair",{"zh":1521,"pinyin":1522,"en":1523},"伞","sǎn","umbrella",{"zh":1525,"pinyin":1526,"en":1527},"钥匙","yào shi","key",{"zh":1529,"pinyin":1530,"en":1531},"刀","dāo","knife",{"zh":1533,"pinyin":1534,"en":1535},"扇子","shàn zi","fan",{"zh":1537,"pinyin":1538,"en":1539},"锁","suǒ","lock",{"zh":1541,"pinyin":1542,"en":1543},"吉他","jí tā","guitar","把 is for things with handles! Chair, umbrella, key, knife — they all have grips.",[1546,441,1284],"zhi2","🔑",{"chinese":1549,"english":1550,"tip":1551},"\"把\"用于有把手的东西。\"一把椅子\"、\"一把伞\"、\"一把钥匙\"、\"一把刀\"、\"一把吉他\"——共同点是你用手握着一个把手\u002F柄部！有趣的是\"把\"也是最常用的语法虚词之一（\"把\"字句= bǎ-sentence），表示对宾语的处理（\"我把苹果吃了\"= I took the apple and ate it）。量词的\"把\"和语法的\"把\"读音相同(三声)，只能靠上下文区分！","**把 (bǎ)** = things with handles. Chair, umbrella, key, knife, guitar — common feature: HOLD a handle\u002Fgrip! Fun fact: 把 is also a crucial grammatical particle (把-sentence = disposal structure). Classifier 把 and grammar 把 share same pronunciation (3rd tone)!","把 = handled object. Has something to grip!",{"id":1546,"character":1553,"pinyin":338,"category":1500,"meaningEn":1554,"examples":1555,"commonNouns":1568,"difficulty":193,"tip":1590,"relatedWords":1591,"visualEmoji":1592,"hskLevel":193,"culturalStory":1593},"支","Classifier for long, stick-like objects: pens, songs, troops.",[1556,1560,1564],{"sentence":1557,"pinyin":1558,"translation":1559},"一支笔","yī zhī bǐ","one pen",{"sentence":1561,"pinyin":1562,"translation":1563},"一支歌","yī zhī gē","one song",{"sentence":1565,"pinyin":1566,"translation":1567},"一支军队","yī zhī jūn duì","one army",[1569,1573,1577,1581,1585,1586],{"zh":1570,"pinyin":1571,"en":1572},"笔","bǐ","pen",{"zh":1574,"pinyin":1575,"en":1576},"歌","gē","song",{"zh":1578,"pinyin":1579,"en":1580},"军队","jūn duì","army \u002F military",{"zh":1582,"pinyin":1583,"en":1584},"蜡烛","là zhú","candle",{"zh":1317,"pinyin":1318,"en":1319},{"zh":1587,"pinyin":1588,"en":1589},"口红","kǒu hóng","lipstick","支 is for stick-like things, especially pens. Also used for songs and troops.",[1497,441,385],"🖊️",{"chinese":1594,"english":1595,"tip":1596},"\"支\"用于细长的棍状物体。\"一支笔\"、\"一支歌\"、\"一支军队\"、\"一支蜡烛\"、\"一支口红\"——共同特征是\"细长+直立\"！笔细长，歌(旋律)像线一样延伸，军队像柱子站立，蜡烛是棒状，口红是圆柱体。注意\"支\"和动物的\"只\"同音(一声)，靠汉字区分。","**支 (zhī)** = stick-like slender objects. Pen, song, army, candle, lipstick — common feature: SLENDER + UPRIGHT! Pen is thin, song extends like line, army stands like column. 支 shares sound with animal 只 (both 1st tone).","支 = stick-like slender thing. Long and thin, standing up!",{"id":441,"character":1598,"pinyin":1599,"category":1500,"meaningEn":1600,"examples":1601,"commonNouns":1614,"difficulty":193,"tip":1640,"relatedWords":1641,"visualEmoji":1642,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1643},"根","gen1","Classifier for long, thin, rigid objects: sticks, ropes, noodles, hair.",[1602,1606,1610],{"sentence":1603,"pinyin":1604,"translation":1605},"一根筷子","yī gēn kuài zi","one chopstick",{"sentence":1607,"pinyin":1608,"translation":1609},"一根绳子","yī gēn shéng zi","one rope",{"sentence":1611,"pinyin":1612,"translation":1613},"一根头发","yī gēn tóu fā","one strand of hair",[1615,1616,1620,1624,1628,1632,1636],{"zh":1407,"pinyin":1408,"en":1409},{"zh":1617,"pinyin":1618,"en":1619},"绳子","shéng zi","rope",{"zh":1621,"pinyin":1622,"en":1623},"头发","tóu fā","hair",{"zh":1625,"pinyin":1626,"en":1627},"香蕉","xiāng jiāo","banana",{"zh":1629,"pinyin":1630,"en":1631},"棍子","gùn zi","stick",{"zh":1633,"pinyin":1634,"en":1635},"针","zhēn","needle",{"zh":1637,"pinyin":1638,"en":1639},"葱","cōng","scallion \u002F green onion","根 is for long, thin, and rigid things. Think of roots (根) — long and thin!",[385,1546,1497],"🥢",{"chinese":1644,"english":1645,"tip":1646},"\"根\"用于长条形硬质物体。\"一根绳子\"、\"一根头发\"、\"一根香蕉\"、\"一根棍子\"——vs\"支\"： \"根\"偏硬\u002F偏材质感（像树根一样结实），\"支\"偏功能\u002F偏人造物。\"根\"的本意就是\"树根\"！成语\"一根筋\"= stubborn person (inflexible like single root)。 \"归根到底\"= ultimately (trace back to root)。","**根 (gēn)** = long, thin, RIGID objects. Rope, hair, banana, stick — vs 支: 根 emphasizes HARD\u002FMATERIAL (like tree roots — sturdy), 支 emphasizes FUNCTION\u002Fman-made. 根 = TREE ROOT literally! \"一根筋\" = stubborn. \"归根到底\" = ultimately.","根 = rod-like rigid thing. Like a tree root — sturdy!",{"id":1284,"character":1648,"pinyin":1649,"category":1500,"meaningEn":1650,"examples":1651,"commonNouns":1664,"difficulty":99,"tip":1693,"relatedWords":1694,"visualEmoji":1695,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1696},"台","tai2","Classifier for machines and equipment: computers, TVs, cars, stages.",[1652,1656,1660],{"sentence":1653,"pinyin":1654,"translation":1655},"一台电脑","yī tái diàn nǎo","one computer",{"sentence":1657,"pinyin":1658,"translation":1659},"两台电视","liǎng tái diàn shì","two TVs",{"sentence":1661,"pinyin":1662,"translation":1663},"一台手术","yī tái shǒu shù","one surgery",[1665,1669,1673,1677,1681,1685,1689],{"zh":1666,"pinyin":1667,"en":1668},"电脑","diàn nǎo","computer",{"zh":1670,"pinyin":1671,"en":1672},"电视","diàn shì","TV \u002F television",{"zh":1674,"pinyin":1675,"en":1676},"冰箱","bīng xiāng","refrigerator",{"zh":1678,"pinyin":1679,"en":1680},"空调","kōng diào","air conditioner",{"zh":1682,"pinyin":1683,"en":1684},"手机","shǒu jī","phone \u002F mobile",{"zh":1686,"pinyin":1687,"en":1688},"手术","shǒu shù","surgery",{"zh":1690,"pinyin":1691,"en":1692},"戏","xì","play \u002F drama \u002F show","台 is for machines and electronics. If it has buttons and plugs in — 台!",[1497,1546,1203],"🖥️",{"chinese":1697,"english":1698,"tip":1699},"\"台\"用于机器设备。\"一台电脑\"、\"一台电视\"、\"一台冰箱\"、\"一台钢琴\"——共同点：都有平台\u002F底座\u002F基座，需要放在某个平面上使用！\"台\"的原意就是\"平台\u002F台子\u002F高台\"。中国古代的\"台\"是高出地面的建筑（\"亭台楼阁\"）。所以\"一台电视\"=一台放在台子\u002F柜子上的设备。钢琴既可用\"架\"也可用\"台\"。","**台 (tái)** = machines\u002Fequipment. Computer, TV, refrigerator, piano — common feature: has platform\u002Fbase, sits on flat surface! 台 originally meant \"platform\u002Fterrace\u002Fstage.\" Ancient 台 = architecture raised above ground. Piano: both 架 (frame) and 台 (appliance) work!","台 = machine\u002Fequipment with base. Sits on surface!\n\n\n\n## Nature \u002F 自然类 (4)",{"id":1701,"character":1702,"pinyin":1703,"category":1704,"meaningEn":1705,"examples":1706,"commonNouns":1723,"difficulty":99,"tip":1748,"relatedWords":1749,"visualEmoji":1752,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1753},"ke","棵","ke1","nature","Classifier for plants (trees, flowers, grass) — those with roots.",[1707,1711,1715,1719],{"sentence":1708,"pinyin":1709,"translation":1710},"一棵树","yī kē shù","one tree",{"sentence":1712,"pinyin":1713,"translation":1714},"两棵草","liǎng kē cǎo","two blades of grass",{"sentence":1716,"pinyin":1717,"translation":1718},"一棵白菜","yī kē bái cài","one cabbage",{"sentence":1720,"pinyin":1721,"translation":1722},"种一棵花","zhòng yī kē huā","plant a flower",[1724,1728,1732,1736,1740,1744],{"zh":1725,"pinyin":1726,"en":1727},"树","shù","tree",{"zh":1729,"pinyin":1730,"en":1731},"草","cǎo","grass",{"zh":1733,"pinyin":1734,"en":1735},"白菜","bái cài","Chinese cabbage",{"zh":1737,"pinyin":1738,"en":1739},"松树","sōng shù","pine tree",{"zh":1741,"pinyin":1742,"en":1743},"花苗","huā miáo","seedling \u002F sapling",{"zh":1745,"pinyin":1746,"en":1747},"花","hua1","flower","Only for plants that grow from roots. Don't use for cut flowers (use 朵 for those).",[1750,47,1751],"duo","di","🌳",{"chinese":1754,"english":1755,"tip":1756},"\"棵\"专门用于有根的植物。\"一棵树\"、\"一棵草\"——想象一下植物从地里长出来的样子，根部扎进泥土，那就是\"棵\"。但如果你去花店买了一束剪下来的玫瑰，那就不能用\"棵\"了，要用\"朵\"（因为已经没有根了）。这是HSK考试中常考的区别点！另外有个有趣的词\"一棵葱\"——虽然葱很小，但因为是从土里种出来的，所以也用\"棵\"。记住：有根=棵，无根=朵。","**棵 (kē)** is exclusively for plants WITH roots. \"A tree,\" \"a blade of grass\" — imagine the plant growing from soil, roots in the earth = 棵. But cut roses from a flower shop? Use 朵 instead (no roots!). This is a common HSK exam distinction! Even \"a scallion\" uses 棵 because it grows from soil. Rule: has roots = 棵, no roots = 朵.","棵 = rooted plant. 朵 = cut flowers\u002Fflower-like shapes.",{"id":1750,"character":1758,"pinyin":1759,"category":1704,"meaningEn":1760,"examples":1761,"commonNouns":1778,"difficulty":99,"tip":1797,"relatedWords":1798,"visualEmoji":1799,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1800},"朵","duo3","Classifier for flowers, clouds, and anything with a blossom-like shape.",[1762,1766,1770,1774],{"sentence":1763,"pinyin":1764,"translation":1765},"一朵花","yī duǒ huā","one flower",{"sentence":1767,"pinyin":1768,"translation":1769},"一朵云","yī duǒ yún","one cloud",{"sentence":1771,"pinyin":1772,"translation":1773},"两朵云","liǎng duǒ yún","two clouds",{"sentence":1775,"pinyin":1776,"translation":1777},"一朵蘑菇","yī duǒ mó gū","a mushroom",[1779,1781,1785,1789,1793],{"zh":1745,"pinyin":1780,"en":1747},"huā",{"zh":1782,"pinyin":1783,"en":1784},"云","yún","cloud",{"zh":1786,"pinyin":1787,"en":1788},"蘑菇","mó gū","mushroom",{"zh":1790,"pinyin":1791,"en":1792},"雪花","xuě huā","snowflake",{"zh":1794,"pinyin":1795,"en":1796},"浪花","làng huā","wave \u002F spray","One of the most visually intuitive classifiers — anything that 'blooms' or has a fluffy shape uses 朵.",[1701,47],"🌸",{"chinese":1801,"english":1802,"tip":1803},"\"朵\"大概是最好记的量词了，因为它长得就像一朵花！上面\"几\"字像花瓣，下面\"木\"字像花茎。\"一朵花\"、\"一朵云\"、\"一朵蘑菇\"——所有看起来像\"绽放\"形状的东西都用\"朵\"。有个可爱的用法：小朋友说\"一朵棉花糖\"，虽然棉花糖不是真的花，但那种蓬松的、圆圆的样子真的很像一朵花。在中文诗歌中，\"朵\"经常用来描写美好的事物：\"心花怒放\"（心里开出了花=非常开心）。","**朵 (duǒ)** might be the easiest classifier to remember — the character looks like a flower! Top looks like petals, bottom like a stem. \"A flower,\" \"a cloud,\" \"a mushroom\" — anything with a blooming shape. Cute usage: kids say \"a cotton candy (朵)\" — not a real flower but fluffy and round like one. In poetry, 朵 describes beautiful things: \"flowers blooming in one's heart\" = overjoyed.","朵 = blooming shape. Flowers, clouds, mushrooms. The character looks like a flower!",{"id":1805,"character":1806,"pinyin":1807,"category":1704,"meaningEn":1808,"examples":1809,"commonNouns":1822,"difficulty":99,"tip":1845,"relatedWords":1846,"visualEmoji":1847,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":1848},"pian2","片","pian4","Classifier for flat, thin pieces: leaves, slices, land areas.",[1810,1814,1818],{"sentence":1811,"pinyin":1812,"translation":1813},"一片树叶","yī piàn shù yè","one leaf",{"sentence":1815,"pinyin":1816,"translation":1817},"一片面包","yī piàn miàn bāo","one slice of bread",{"sentence":1819,"pinyin":1820,"translation":1821},"一片草地","yī piàn cǎo dì","a stretch of grassland",[1823,1827,1831,1835,1839,1843,1844],{"zh":1824,"pinyin":1825,"en":1826},"树叶","shù yè","leaf \u002F leaves",{"zh":1828,"pinyin":1829,"en":1830},"面包","miàn bāo","bread",{"zh":1832,"pinyin":1833,"en":1834},"草地","cǎo dì","grassland \u002F lawn",{"zh":1836,"pinyin":1837,"en":1838},"森林","sēn lín","forest",{"zh":1840,"pinyin":1841,"en":1842},"海","hǎi","sea \u002F ocean",{"zh":988,"pinyin":989,"en":990},{"zh":1790,"pinyin":1791,"en":1792},"片 is for flat, thin pieces or areas. A slice of bread, a field of grass, a piece of land.",[46,1701,1750],"🍂",{"chinese":1849,"english":1850,"tip":1851},"\"片\"字的形状就藏着它的身世——它其实是\"版\"字劈开的一半，本义是剖开的木片。所以\"片\"天生形容扁平、轻薄的东西：一片树叶、一片面包、一片草地。更有趣的是，它还能铺开成一整面：一片海、一片森林、一片草原，这时\"片\"不再薄，而是\"一大片、铺满眼帘\"的意思。一个字，薄厚通吃。","**片 (piàn)** hides its origin in its shape — it is literally half of the character 版 (bǎn), originally a split wooden slab. So 片 naturally describes flat, thin things: 一片树叶, 一片面包, 一片草地. More interestingly, it spreads into one whole surface: 一片海 (a sea), 一片森林 (a forest) — here 片 means not \"thin\" but \"a vast expanse.\" One character covers both.","片 = flat thin piece or a spreading expanse. Leaves, bread, grassland, sea.",{"id":1751,"character":1853,"pinyin":1854,"category":1704,"meaningEn":1855,"examples":1856,"commonNouns":1873,"difficulty":99,"tip":1895,"relatedWords":1896,"visualEmoji":1897,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":1898},"滴","di1","Classifier for drops of liquid.",[1857,1861,1865,1869],{"sentence":1858,"pinyin":1859,"translation":1860},"一滴水","yī dī shuǐ","one drop of water",{"sentence":1862,"pinyin":1863,"translation":1864},"一滴眼泪","yī dī yǎn lèi","one drop of tears",{"sentence":1866,"pinyin":1867,"translation":1868},"一滴汗","yī dī hàn","one drop of sweat",{"sentence":1870,"pinyin":1871,"translation":1872},"一滴油","dī yóu","a drop of oil",[1874,1875,1879,1883,1887,1891],{"zh":791,"pinyin":792,"en":793},{"zh":1876,"pinyin":1877,"en":1878},"眼泪","yǎn lèi","tears",{"zh":1880,"pinyin":1881,"en":1882},"汗","hàn","sweat",{"zh":1884,"pinyin":1885,"en":1886},"血","xuè","blood",{"zh":1888,"pinyin":1889,"en":1890},"雨","yǔ","rain",{"zh":1892,"pinyin":1893,"en":1894},"油","yóu","oil","For liquid drops. Very intuitive — anything that drips uses 滴.",[763,817],"💧",{"chinese":1899,"english":1900,"tip":1901},"\"滴\"大概是最小的量词了。\"一滴水\"、\"一滴油\"、\"一滴眼泪\"——都是液体因重力自然形成的最小单位。\"滴\"的声音也很形象：水滴落在地上发出\"滴答、滴答\"的声音，这个拟声词就成了量词名。文学作品中\"滴\"常用来表达微小但重要的事物：\"一滴水可以折射太阳的光芒\"（寓意小事见大道理）、\"每一滴汗水都不会白流\"（努力终有回报）。在环境话题中，\"节约每一滴水\"是常见的公益口号。","**滴 (dī)** might be the smallest classifier. \"A drop of water,\" \"a drop of oil,\" \"a tear\" — the smallest natural unit of liquid. Sound-symbolic: water dripping makes \"di-da di-da\" sound → became the classifier name. Literature uses 滴 for small but significant things: \"a drop reflects the sun's light\" (small things reveal big truths), \"every drop of sweat counts\" (effort pays off). Environmental slogan: \"save every drop.\"","滴 = liquid drop. Smallest natural unit. Sound-symbolic origin!",{"id":1903,"character":1904,"pinyin":1905,"category":1906,"meaningEn":1907,"examples":1908,"commonNouns":1921,"difficulty":99,"tip":1946,"relatedWords":1947,"visualEmoji":1950,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":1951},"ci","次","ci4","abstract","Classifier for occurrences, times, or frequency of actions.",[1909,1913,1917],{"sentence":1910,"pinyin":1911,"translation":1912},"去一次","qù yī cì","go once",{"sentence":1914,"pinyin":1915,"translation":1916},"第一次","dì yī cì","the first time",{"sentence":1918,"pinyin":1919,"translation":1920},"三次机会","sān cì jī huì","three chances",[1922,1926,1930,1934,1938,1942],{"zh":1923,"pinyin":1924,"en":1925},"机会","jī huì","opportunity \u002F chance",{"zh":1927,"pinyin":1928,"en":1929},"会议","huì yì","meeting",{"zh":1931,"pinyin":1932,"en":1933},"考试","kǎo shì","exam \u002F test",{"zh":1935,"pinyin":1936,"en":1937},"旅行","lǚ xíng","travel \u002F trip",{"zh":1939,"pinyin":1940,"en":1941},"约会","yuē huì","date \u002F appointment",{"zh":1943,"pinyin":1944,"en":1945},"尝试","cháng shì","attempt \u002F try","次 is for how many times something happens. 'I've been there 3 times' = 三次.",[1948,1535,1949],"chang","zhen","🔁",{"chinese":1952,"english":1953,"tip":1954},"\"次\"最通用的时间和次数量词。\"第一次\"、\"一次\"、\"三次\"——任何发生的事件都用\"次\"计数。vs\"下\"：\"次\"强调发生的次数（可重复事件），\"下\"强调具体动作（通常有肢体运动）。\"次\"也有\"顺序\"含义（\"次序\"=order，\"次日\"=next day，\"次品\"=defective product）。\"次\"感觉比较正式客观。","**次 (cì)** = most universal counter for occurrences\u002Ftimes. First time, one time, three times — any event. vs 下: 次 = occurrence count (repeatable), 下 = physical actions. 次 also = \"order\u002Fsequence\" (次序, 次日, 次品). More formal and objective.","次 = occurrence\u002Ftime. How many times did it happen?",{"id":1948,"character":1956,"pinyin":1957,"category":1906,"meaningEn":1958,"examples":1959,"commonNouns":1976,"difficulty":193,"tip":2004,"relatedWords":2005,"visualEmoji":2006,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":2007},"场","chang3","Classifier for events, activities, sessions, and natural phenomena of some duration.",[1960,1964,1968,1972],{"sentence":1961,"pinyin":1962,"translation":1963},"一场比赛","yī chǎng bǐ sài","one game\u002Fmatch",{"sentence":1965,"pinyin":1966,"translation":1967},"一场雨","yī chǎng yǔ","one rain (session)",{"sentence":1969,"pinyin":1970,"translation":1971},"一场电影","yī chǎng diàn yǐng","one movie showing",{"sentence":1973,"pinyin":1974,"translation":1975},"一场梦","yī chǎng mèng","a dream",[1977,1981,1982,1986,1987,1991,1995,1996,2000],{"zh":1978,"pinyin":1979,"en":1980},"比赛","bǐ sài","match \u002F competition \u002F game",{"zh":1888,"pinyin":1889,"en":1890},{"zh":1983,"pinyin":1984,"en":1985},"电影","diàn yǐng","movie \u002F film",{"zh":1690,"pinyin":1691,"en":1692},{"zh":1988,"pinyin":1989,"en":1990},"战争","zhàn zhēng","war",{"zh":1992,"pinyin":1993,"en":1994},"梦","mèng","dream",{"zh":1931,"pinyin":1932,"en":1933},{"zh":1997,"pinyin":1998,"en":1999},"雪","xue3","snow",{"zh":2001,"pinyin":2002,"en":2003},"病","bing4","illness","场 is for events that have a beginning and end — like a 'session' of something. A rain shower, a dream, a game.",[1903,1535],"🎬",{"chinese":2008,"english":2009,"tip":2010},"\"场\"可能是最有戏剧感的量词了。\"一场雨\"——雨开始、变大、变小、停止，这是一个完整的\"剧情\"。\"一场比赛\"也有开头、中间、结尾。\"一场梦\"更是如此。古人造这个字的时候，上面是\"日\"（太阳），下面是\"昜\"（展开），意思就是太阳底下展开的活动——也就是露天的场所或活动。所以\"场\"天然带有\"有始有终的事件\"这层意思。在写作中，\"一场\"后面常跟抽象名词：一场战争、一场革命、一场恋爱...","**场 (chǎng)** might be the most dramatic classifier. \"A rain shower\" — rain begins, intensifies, fades, stops: a complete story arc. \"A match\" has beginning, middle, end. \"A dream\" even more so. The ancient character: sun above spreading out = outdoor venue\u002Factivity. So 场 inherently means \"events with a beginning and end.\" In writing, 场 often precedes abstract nouns: a war, a revolution, a romance...","场 = events\u002Fsessions with a story arc. Rain, games, dreams.",{"id":1535,"character":2012,"pinyin":2013,"category":1906,"meaningEn":2014,"examples":2015,"commonNouns":2024,"difficulty":43,"tip":2044,"relatedWords":2045,"visualEmoji":2046,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":2047},"番","fan1","Classifier for turns, sorts, or kinds of effort\u002Fexperience. Literary tone.",[2016,2020],{"sentence":2017,"pinyin":2018,"translation":2019},"一番话","yī fān huà","a speech",{"sentence":2021,"pinyin":2022,"translation":2023},"一番努力","yī fān nǔ lì","a round of effort",[2025,2028,2032,2036,2040],{"zh":2026,"pinyin":25,"en":2027},"话","speech \u002F words",{"zh":2029,"pinyin":2030,"en":2031},"努力","nǔ lì","effort",{"zh":2033,"pinyin":2034,"en":2035},"心意","xīn yì","sentiment \u002F regard",{"zh":2037,"pinyin":2038,"en":2039},"事业","shì yè","career \u002F cause",{"zh":2041,"pinyin":2042,"en":2043},"风景","fēng jǐng","scenery \u002F landscape","番 has a literary feel. It's used for a 'round' of effort, words, or experience.",[1903,1948],"💬",{"chinese":2048,"english":2049,"tip":2050},"\"番\"带着一股文雅气，专指\"一番努力\"\"一番话\"\"一番风景\"。它本义是轮流、更替，所以\"一番\"有种一轮、一次完整经历的味道。外国人学中文常说\"我练习了一番\"，听起来比\"我练了练\"正式多了——\"番\"就是给你加分的那个词。","**番 (fān)** carries a literary tone, for 一番努力 (an effort), 一番话 (a speech), 一番风景 (a view). Its original meaning was \"to take turns, to alternate,\" so 一番 suggests \"one round, one complete experience.\" Foreigners who say 我练习了一番 sound far more formal than 我练了练 — 番 is the word that levels you up.","番 = a round of (effort). Literary tone for turns, efforts, experiences.",{"id":1949,"character":2052,"pinyin":2053,"category":1906,"meaningEn":2054,"examples":2055,"commonNouns":2068,"difficulty":193,"tip":2090,"relatedWords":2091,"visualEmoji":2092,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":2093},"阵","zhen4","Classifier for bursts, gusts, or waves of something that comes and goes.",[2056,2060,2064],{"sentence":2057,"pinyin":2058,"translation":2059},"一阵风","yī zhèn fēng","a gust of wind",{"sentence":2061,"pinyin":2062,"translation":2063},"一阵掌声","yī zhèn zhǎng shēng","a burst of applause",{"sentence":2065,"pinyin":2066,"translation":2067},"一阵疼痛","yī zhèn téng tòng","a wave of pain",[2069,2073,2074,2078,2082,2086],{"zh":2070,"pinyin":2071,"en":2072},"风","fēng","wind",{"zh":1888,"pinyin":1889,"en":1890},{"zh":2075,"pinyin":2076,"en":2077},"掌声","zhǎng shēng","applause",{"zh":2079,"pinyin":2080,"en":2081},"疼痛","téng tòng","pain",{"zh":2083,"pinyin":2084,"en":2085},"咳嗽","ké sòu","cough",{"zh":2087,"pinyin":2088,"en":2089},"笑声","xiào shēng","laughter","阵 is for things that come in bursts and pass — wind, applause, pain.",[1903,1948],"💨",{"chinese":2094,"english":2095,"tip":2096},"\"阵\"本义是军队的行列，后来指\"一阵风\"\"一阵掌声\"——那些来一阵、去一阵、不持久的东西。它最擅长描述短暂而突然的感觉：一阵疼痛、一阵咳嗽、一阵笑声。和\"场\"不同，\"阵\"不要求完整，它只捕捉那一下的波动。","**阵 (zhèn)** originally meant a battle formation, then came to mean 一阵风 (a gust), 一阵掌声 (a burst of applause) — things that come and go in a wave. It is perfect for brief, sudden feelings: 一阵疼痛, 一阵咳嗽, 一阵笑声. Unlike 场 (complete event), 阵 only captures that one fluctuation.","阵 = a burst\u002Fgust. Wind, applause, pain, laughter — transient waves.",{"id":709,"character":2098,"pinyin":2099,"category":7,"meaningEn":2100,"examples":2101,"commonNouns":2114,"difficulty":99,"tip":2127,"relatedWords":2128,"visualEmoji":2129,"hskLevel":564,"culturalStory":2130},"部","bu4","Classifier for movies, books, phone models, and machines.",[2102,2106,2110],{"sentence":2103,"pinyin":2104,"translation":2105},"一部电影","yī bù diàn yǐng","one movie",{"sentence":2107,"pinyin":2108,"translation":2109},"一部手机","yī bù shǒu jī","one phone",{"sentence":2111,"pinyin":2112,"translation":2113},"一部小说","yī bù xiǎo shuō","one novel",[2115,2116,2117,2118,2119,2123],{"zh":1983,"pinyin":1984,"en":1985},{"zh":1682,"pinyin":1683,"en":1684},{"zh":602,"pinyin":603,"en":604},{"zh":1181,"pinyin":1182,"en":1183},{"zh":2120,"pinyin":2121,"en":2122},"电梯","diàn tī","elevator \u002F lift",{"zh":2124,"pinyin":2125,"en":2126},"法律","fǎ lǜ","law","部 is for complete works (movies, novels) and devices (phones). Think 'one complete unit'.",[1284,570],"📱",{"chinese":2131,"english":2132,"tip":2133},"\"部\"本义是部分、类别，后来成了量词：一部电影、一部手机、一部小说。有趣的是，它既管文化产品（电影、书），也管机器（手机、车、电梯）——因为在这些东西眼里，它们都是一个完整的单元。古代书籍分\"部\"，今天手机也分\"部\"，一脉相承。","**部 (bù)** originally meant \"part, category,\" then became a classifier: 一部电影, 一部手机, 一部小说. Interestingly, it governs both cultural products (films, books) and machines (phones, cars, elevators) — because all are seen as \"one complete unit.\" Ancient books were divided into 部; today phones are too. A direct lineage.","部 = a complete unit. Movies, phones, novels, cars — whole devices.",{"id":297,"character":2135,"pinyin":2136,"category":7,"meaningEn":2137,"examples":2138,"commonNouns":2151,"difficulty":193,"tip":2177,"relatedWords":2178,"visualEmoji":2179,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":2180},"项","xiang4","Classifier for items in a list: tasks, rules, policies, research.",[2139,2143,2147],{"sentence":2140,"pinyin":2141,"translation":2142},"一项任务","yī xiàng rèn wù","one task",{"sentence":2144,"pinyin":2145,"translation":2146},"一项规定","yī xiàng guī dìng","one rule",{"sentence":2148,"pinyin":2149,"translation":2150},"三项研究","sān xiàng yán jiū","three studies",[2152,2156,2160,2164,2168,2169,2173],{"zh":2153,"pinyin":2154,"en":2155},"任务","rèn wù","task \u002F mission",{"zh":2157,"pinyin":2158,"en":2159},"规定","guī dìng","rule \u002F regulation",{"zh":2161,"pinyin":2162,"en":2163},"研究","yán jiū","research \u002F study",{"zh":2165,"pinyin":2166,"en":2167},"政策","zhèng cè","policy",{"zh":1978,"pinyin":1979,"en":1980},{"zh":2170,"pinyin":2171,"en":2172},"计划","jì huà","plan",{"zh":2174,"pinyin":2175,"en":2176},"发明","fā míng","invention","项 is for items in a list or formal context. Tasks, rules, policies — all use 项.",[1903,1328],"📌",{"chinese":2181,"english":2182,"tip":2183},"\"项\"本义是脖子的后部，后来引申为条目、项目：一项任务、一项规定、三项研究。它特别适合清单里的条目——你列 to-do list 时，每一条都是\"一项\"。所以\"项目\"这个词本身就是\"项\"的徒子徒孙，方方面面都管。","**项 (xiàng)** originally meant \"back of the neck,\" then extended to \"item, entry\": 一项任务, 一项规定, 三项研究. It is perfect for items on a list — every line of your to-do is 一项. The word 项目 (project) is itself a descendant of 项, governing all aspects.","项 = item on a list. Tasks, rules, research, policies — countable entries.",{"id":2185,"character":2186,"pinyin":2187,"category":7,"meaningEn":2188,"examples":2189,"commonNouns":2202,"difficulty":99,"tip":2227,"relatedWords":2228,"visualEmoji":2229,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":2230},"jie","节","jie2","Classifier for sections, segments, lessons, and batteries.",[2190,2194,2198],{"sentence":2191,"pinyin":2192,"translation":2193},"一节课","yī jié kè","one class\u002Flesson",{"sentence":2195,"pinyin":2196,"translation":2197},"两节电池","liǎng jié diàn chí","two batteries",{"sentence":2199,"pinyin":2200,"translation":2201},"一节车厢","yī jié chē xiāng","one train car",[2203,2207,2211,2215,2219,2223],{"zh":2204,"pinyin":2205,"en":2206},"课","kè","class \u002F lesson",{"zh":2208,"pinyin":2209,"en":2210},"电池","diàn chí","battery",{"zh":2212,"pinyin":2213,"en":2214},"车厢","chē xiāng","train car \u002F carriage",{"zh":2216,"pinyin":2217,"en":2218},"竹子","zhú zi","bamboo",{"zh":2220,"pinyin":2221,"en":2222},"甘蔗","gān zhè","sugarcane",{"zh":2224,"pinyin":2225,"en":2226},"烟","yān","smoke","节 is for sections or segments. A class period, a battery, a train car — all are 节.",[442,1204],"🔋",{"chinese":2231,"english":2232,"tip":2233},"\"节\"本义是竹节，后来变成分段的代名词：一节课、两节电池、一节车厢。竹子一节一节，所以凡是一段一段的东西都用\"节\"——电池是一节一节的，车厢是一节一节的，连竹子本身也是\"一节竹子\"。一个量词，把整个分段世界收编了。","**节 (jié)** originally meant a bamboo joint, then became the symbol of \"segmentation\": 一节课, 两节电池, 一节车厢. Bamboo grows joint by joint, so anything in segments uses 节 — batteries, train cars, even bamboo itself is 一节竹子. One classifier, enlisting the entire segmented world.","节 = segment. Classes, batteries, train cars, bamboo — divided units.",{"id":442,"character":2235,"pinyin":2236,"category":7,"meaningEn":2237,"examples":2238,"commonNouns":2251,"difficulty":193,"tip":2271,"relatedWords":2272,"visualEmoji":2273,"hskLevel":711,"culturalStory":2274},"段","duan4","Classifier for segments, passages, or periods of time\u002Fexperience.",[2239,2243,2247],{"sentence":2240,"pinyin":2241,"translation":2242},"一段话","yī duàn huà","a passage of speech",{"sentence":2244,"pinyin":2245,"translation":2246},"一段路","yī duàn lù","a stretch of road",{"sentence":2248,"pinyin":2249,"translation":2250},"一段感情","yī duàn gǎn qíng","a relationship (period)",[2252,2253,2254,2258,2262,2266,2267],{"zh":2026,"pinyin":25,"en":2027},{"zh":420,"pinyin":421,"en":422},{"zh":2255,"pinyin":2256,"en":2257},"感情","gǎn qíng","emotion \u002F feeling",{"zh":2259,"pinyin":2260,"en":2261},"时间","shí jiān","time",{"zh":2263,"pinyin":2264,"en":2265},"音乐","yīn lè","music",{"zh":688,"pinyin":689,"en":690},{"zh":2268,"pinyin":2269,"en":2270},"经历","jīng lì","experience","段 is for chunks of time, distance, or text. A passage, a stretch, a period — all use 段.",[2185,385,47],"📏",{"chinese":2275,"english":2276,"tip":2277},"\"段\"用于段落或片段。\"一段话\"、\"一段视频\"、\"一段记忆\"、\"一段旅程\"——文字段落或时间\u002F经历的切片。\"段\"本意是\"截断\u002F分段\"（锤子敲断木头），所以\"一段\"=\"切下来的一段\"。\"手段\"(method)=\"手的那段\"= skillful part。\"路段\"(road section)、\"时间段\"(time period)都用分割概念。每段人生都是故事的一个\"段\"落。","**段 (duàn)** = paragraphs\u002Fsegments. Speech passage, video clip, memory, journey — text paragraphs OR time\u002Fexperience slices. 段 = \"to cut\u002Fsever\" (chopping wood). \"手段\" (method) = hand's segment = skillful part. Each life phase = a 段 of the story.","段 = paragraph\u002Fsegment. Cut-out portion of bigger thing!",{"id":4,"character":5,"pinyin":6,"category":7,"meaningEn":8,"examples":2279,"commonNouns":2283,"difficulty":43,"tip":44,"relatedWords":2289,"visualEmoji":48,"hskLevel":49,"culturalStory":2290},[2280,2281,2282],{"sentence":11,"pinyin":12,"translation":13},{"sentence":15,"pinyin":16,"translation":17},{"sentence":19,"pinyin":20,"translation":21},[2284,2285,2286,2287,2288],{"zh":24,"pinyin":25,"en":26},{"zh":28,"pinyin":29,"en":30},{"zh":32,"pinyin":33,"en":34},{"zh":36,"pinyin":37,"en":38},{"zh":40,"pinyin":41,"en":42},[46,47],{"chinese":51,"english":52,"tip":53},{"id":2292,"character":2293,"pinyin":2294,"category":7,"meaningEn":2295,"examples":2296,"commonNouns":2313,"difficulty":99,"tip":2339,"relatedWords":2340,"visualEmoji":2046,"hskLevel":43,"culturalStory":2341},"ju","句","ju4","Classifier for sentences, lines of poetry, or spoken utterances.",[2297,2301,2305,2309],{"sentence":2298,"pinyin":2299,"translation":2300},"一句话","yī jù huà","one sentence",{"sentence":2302,"pinyin":2303,"translation":2304},"两句诗","liǎng jù shī","two lines of poetry",{"sentence":2306,"pinyin":2307,"translation":2308},"背三句诗","bèi sān jù shī","memorize three lines of poetry",{"sentence":2310,"pinyin":2311,"translation":2312},"这句话不对","zhè jù huà bú duì","this sentence is wrong",[2314,2315,2319,2323,2327,2331,2335],{"zh":2026,"pinyin":25,"en":2027},{"zh":2316,"pinyin":2317,"en":2318},"诗","shī","poem \u002F poetry",{"zh":2320,"pinyin":2321,"en":2322},"歌词","gē cí","lyrics",{"zh":2324,"pinyin":2325,"en":2326},"台词","tái cí","lines (script)",{"zh":2328,"pinyin":2329,"en":2330},"谚语","yàn yǔ","proverb",{"zh":2332,"pinyin":2333,"en":2334},"格言","gé yán","maxim \u002F saying",{"zh":2336,"pinyin":2337,"en":2338},"口号","kou3 hao4","slogan","For complete thoughts expressed in language — sentences, poetic lines, remarks.",[47,442],{"chinese":2342,"english":2343,"tip":2344},"\"句\"衡量的是语言的基本单位——句子。\"一句话\"可以改变人生（比如求婚时的\"你愿意嫁给我吗？\"），\"一句诗\"可以流传千年（比如李白的\"床前明月光\"）。\"句\"字外面是\"框\"（囗），里面是\"弯弯曲曲的线条\"（勹+口），好像把话语包在一个框里——每\"句\"话就是一个完整的表达单元。在中文修辞中，\"三言两语\"形容说话简洁（三个字两句话就说清楚了），\"一句话顶一万句\"形容说到点子上了。","**句 (jù)** measures language's basic unit — the sentence. \"One sentence\" can change a life (\"Will you marry me?\"); \"one line of poetry\" can last millennia (Li Bai's moonlight poem). The character looks like words framed in a box — each 句 is a complete expression unit. Rhetorically: \"few words\" (concise); \"one sentence worth ten thousand\" (hit the nail on the head).","句 = sentence \u002F utterance. Complete thought expressed in words.",{"id":2346,"character":2347,"pinyin":2348,"category":1906,"hskLevel":43,"meaningEn":2349,"examples":2350,"commonNouns":2363,"difficulty":193,"tip":2380,"relatedWords":2381,"visualEmoji":2382,"culturalStory":2383},"bian","遍","bian4","Classifier for actions done from beginning to end (complete iterations).",[2351,2355,2359],{"sentence":2352,"pinyin":2353,"translation":2354},"读一遍","dú yī biàn","read (it) through once",{"sentence":2356,"pinyin":2357,"translation":2358},"再看一遍","zài kàn yī biàn","watch it one more time",{"sentence":2360,"pinyin":2361,"translation":2362},"学了三遍","xué le sān biàn","studied it three times",[2364,2368,2372,2376],{"zh":2365,"pinyin":2366,"en":2367},"读","du2","to read",{"zh":2369,"pinyin":2370,"en":2371},"看","kan4","to watch \u002F look",{"zh":2373,"pinyin":2374,"en":2375},"学","xue2","to study \u002F learn",{"zh":2377,"pinyin":2378,"en":2379},"复习","fu4 xi2","to review","Use 遍 when an action is completed from start to finish. One 遍 = one full cycle.",[1903],"🔄",{"chinese":2384,"english":2385,"tip":2386},"\"遍\"是一个很有意思的量词，它不只是数次数，而是强调\"完整地做一遍\"。\"读一遍\"不是读一下就停，而是从头到尾读完。\"再看一遍\"意味着完整地重新看一次。这跟\"次\"不同——\"三次\"只是说做了三下，但\"三遍\"意味着完整地做了三轮！学生最怕听到的就是老师说的\"再写一遍\"...那可是要全部重写的。在考试中，\"遍\"经常出现在阅读理解题里，表示完整的动作过程。","**遍 (biàn)** isn't just counting occurrences — it emphasizes doing something COMPLETELY from start to finish. \"Read once through\" means read the whole thing, not just glance at it. Different from 次 (cì): 三次 = did it three times; 三遍 = completed three full cycles! Students dread hearing their teacher say \"write it again from scratch.\" In HSK exams, 遍 often appears in reading comprehension questions about complete action processes.","遍 = one complete cycle. From start to finish!",{"id":2388,"character":2389,"pinyin":2390,"category":1906,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":2391,"examples":2392,"commonNouns":2405,"difficulty":43,"tip":2413,"relatedWords":2414,"visualEmoji":2382,"culturalStory":2415},"tang","趟","tang4","Classifier for round trips or journeys to and from a place.",[2393,2397,2401],{"sentence":2394,"pinyin":2395,"translation":2396},"一趟北京","yī tàng běi jīng","a trip to Beijing",{"sentence":2398,"pinyin":2399,"translation":2400},"去一趟","qù yī tàng","go for a visit (there and back)",{"sentence":2402,"pinyin":2403,"translation":2404},"白跑一趟","bái pǎo yī tàng","made a wasted trip",[2406,2409],{"zh":1935,"pinyin":2407,"en":2408},"lv3 xing2","trip \u002F travel",{"zh":2410,"pinyin":2411,"en":2412},"出差","chu1 chai1","business trip","趟 implies going somewhere AND coming back. It's a round-trip classifier. Very HSK-exam-friendly!",[1903],{"chinese":2416,"english":2417,"tip":2418},"\"趟\"和\"次\"很像，但多了一个关键含义：**往返**。\"去一趟北京\"不是说去一次北京，而是去了又回来了。\"白跑一趟\"意思是去了又回来了但什么都没办成（白费力气）。\"一趟\"就像在纸上画了一个往返的箭头→←。这个量词在口语中极高频，尤其是北方人说\"去一趟哪儿\"几乎是每天都会说的话。考试中要注意区分：如果题目问的是单程动作用\"次\"，往返动作用\"趟\"。","**趟 (tàng)** is similar to 次 but adds a key meaning: **round trip**. \"Go to Beijing once (there and back)\" ≠ just visit Beijing. \"Made a wasted trip\" = went there AND came back with nothing accomplished. 趟 is like drawing a round-trip arrow →←. Extremely common in spoken Chinese, especially northern dialect. Exam tip: single-direction actions use 次; round trips use 趟.","趟 = round trip (there AND back). Like a boomerang journey.",{"id":2420,"character":2421,"pinyin":2422,"category":7,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":2423,"examples":2424,"commonNouns":2437,"difficulty":193,"tip":2456,"relatedWords":2457,"visualEmoji":2458,"culturalStory":2459},"da","打","da2","Classifier meaning 'a dozen' (12 items). From English 'dozen'.",[2425,2429,2433],{"sentence":2426,"pinyin":2427,"translation":2428},"一打鸡蛋","yī dá jī dàn","a dozen eggs",{"sentence":2430,"pinyin":2431,"translation":2432},"两打啤酒","liǎng dá pí jiǔ","two dozen beers",{"sentence":2434,"pinyin":2435,"translation":2436},"买一打玫瑰","mǎi yī dá méi guī","buy a dozen roses",[2438,2442,2444,2448,2452],{"zh":2439,"pinyin":2440,"en":2441},"鸡蛋","ji1 dan4","eggs",{"zh":799,"pinyin":2443,"en":801},"pi2 jiu3",{"zh":2445,"pinyin":2446,"en":2447},"铅笔","qian1 bi1","pencils",{"zh":2449,"pinyin":2450,"en":2451},"毛巾","mao2 jin1","towels",{"zh":2453,"pinyin":2454,"en":2455},"玫瑰","mei2 gui1","roses","Always exactly 12! A loanword from English 'dozen'. Common in shopping contexts.",[56],"🥚",{"chinese":2460,"english":2461,"tip":2462},"\"打\"作为量词是个外来户！它来自英文单词\"dozen\"的音译。一打正好等于12个。\"一打鸡蛋\"就是12个鸡蛋，\"两打啤酒\"就是24罐啤酒。这个借词在清末民初进入中文，当时中国和西方贸易频繁，很多外国商品都是按\"打\"来卖的（鸡蛋、饼干、毛巾、铅笔）。现在\"打\"依然很常用，特别是在买日用品的时候。有趣的是，中国人很少意识到这是个英文外来词——它已经完全融入中文了！","**打 (dá)** as a classifier is a loanword from English \"dozen\"! Exactly 12 items. \"A dozen eggs\" = 12 eggs, \"two dozen beers\" = 24 cans. Entered Chinese during late Qing\u002Fearly Republic era when China-West trade flourished — many foreign goods sold by the dozen (eggs, cookies, towels, pencils). Still commonly used today for daily purchases. Interestingly, few Chinese realize this is an English loanword — it's fully assimilated!","打 = dozen (always 12!). An English loanword hiding in plain sight.",{"id":2464,"character":2465,"pinyin":2466,"category":7,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":2467,"examples":2468,"commonNouns":2481,"difficulty":193,"tip":2502,"relatedWords":2503,"visualEmoji":2505,"culturalStory":2506},"dai","袋","dai4","Classifier for bagged items and contents of a bag.",[2469,2473,2477],{"sentence":2470,"pinyin":2471,"translation":2472},"一袋米","yī dài mǐ","a bag of rice",{"sentence":2474,"pinyin":2475,"translation":2476},"一袋洗衣粉","yī dài xǐ yī fěn","a bag of laundry detergent",{"sentence":2478,"pinyin":2479,"translation":2480},"两袋薯片","liǎng dài shǔ piàn","two bags of chips",[2482,2486,2490,2494,2498],{"zh":2483,"pinyin":2484,"en":2485},"米","mi3","rice",{"zh":2487,"pinyin":2488,"en":2489},"面粉","mian4 fen3","flour",{"zh":2491,"pinyin":2492,"en":2493},"薯片","shu3 pian4","chips \u002F crisps",{"zh":2495,"pinyin":2496,"en":2497},"垃圾","la1 ji1","trash \u002F garbage",{"zh":2499,"pinyin":2500,"en":2501},"零食","ling2 shi2","snacks","For things sold or stored in bags. Similar to 包 but 包 is more common for smaller packages.",[2504],"bao_bao","🛍️",{"chinese":2507,"english":2508,"tip":2509},"\"袋\"让人联想到便利店。\"一袋薯片\"、\"一袋洗衣粉\"、\"一袋垃圾\"——都是软包装的东西。\"袋\"和\"包\"很像，但有细微差别：\"袋\"通常指工业生产的标准化包装（塑料袋、纸袋），而\"包\"可以是手绑的、纸包的任何形式。\"一袋大米\"通常是指真空包装的那种，而\"一包大米\"可能只是用纸随便包了一下。在环保意识增强的今天，\"塑料袋\"成了被限制的对象——但这不影响\"袋\"作为一个量词的使用频率。","**袋 (dài)** evokes convenience stores. \"A bag of chips,\" \"a bag of detergent,\" \"a bag of trash\" — all soft-packaged items. 袋 vs 包: 袋 usually means standardized industrial packaging (plastic\u002Fpaper bags); 包 can be any wrapping including hand-tied paper. \"A bag of rice\" (vacuum-sealed) vs \"a pack of rice\" (loosely wrapped). Despite plastic bag environmental concerns, 袋 remains extremely common.","袋 = industrial soft packaging. Convenience store style.",{"id":2511,"character":2512,"pinyin":2513,"category":1002,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":2514,"examples":2515,"commonNouns":2528,"difficulty":193,"tip":2543,"relatedWords":2544,"visualEmoji":2545,"culturalStory":2546},"suo","所","suo3","Classifier for institutions, schools, hospitals, and buildings (formal).",[2516,2520,2524],{"sentence":2517,"pinyin":2518,"translation":2519},"一所学校","yī suǒ xué xiào","a school",{"sentence":2521,"pinyin":2522,"translation":2523},"一所医院","yī suǒ yī yuàn","a hospital",{"sentence":2525,"pinyin":2526,"translation":2527},"两所大学","liǎng suǒ dà xué","two universities",[2529,2533,2537,2541],{"zh":2530,"pinyin":2531,"en":2532},"学校","xue2 xiao4","school",{"zh":2534,"pinyin":2535,"en":2536},"医院","yi1 yuan4","hospital",{"zh":2538,"pinyin":2539,"en":2540},"大学","da4 xue2","university",{"zh":1147,"pinyin":2542,"en":1149},"fang2 zi","Formal\u002Fliterary. Used mostly for schools, hospitals, and official buildings. 座 is more common for general large buildings.",[1040],"🏫",{"chinese":2547,"english":2548,"tip":2549},"\"所\"是一个非常书面的量词，你在日常对话中几乎听不到有人说\"一所房子\"（太正式了！）。它主要用于学校、医院、银行这类机构。\"一所大学\"比\"一所学校\"听起来更大、更正式。为什么用\"所\"？因为这个字原本的意思是\"地方\"、\"住所\"（比如\"厕所\"的\"所\"就是地方的意思）。所以\"一所学校\"字面理解就是\"一个教学的地方\"。在新闻联播和政府文件中，\"所\"的出现频率极高。","**所 (suǒ)** is very formal — you'll rarely hear \"一所房子\" in casual speech! Used mainly for institutions: schools, hospitals, banks. \"一所大学\" sounds grander than \"一所学校.\" 所 originally meant \"place\u002Fdwelling\" (as in 厕所 restroom). So \"一所学校\" literally = \"a place of teaching.\" Extremely common in news broadcasts and government documents.","所 = formal\u002Fliterary. Schools, hospitals, institutions. News-anchor language.",{"id":2551,"character":2552,"pinyin":2553,"category":1704,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2554,"examples":2555,"commonNouns":2564,"difficulty":43,"tip":2575,"relatedWords":2576,"visualEmoji":2577,"culturalStory":2578},"zhu","株","zhu1","Classifier for plants (more formal\u002Fliterary than 棵). Also used in biology.",[2556,2560],{"sentence":2557,"pinyin":2558,"translation":2559},"一株玫瑰","yī zhū méi guī","a rose bush",{"sentence":2561,"pinyin":2562,"translation":2563},"几株牡丹","jǐ zhū mǔ dān","several peony plants",[2565,2567,2571],{"zh":2453,"pinyin":2454,"en":2566},"rose",{"zh":2568,"pinyin":2569,"en":2570},"牡丹","mu3 dan1","peony",{"zh":2572,"pinyin":2573,"en":2574},"水稻","shui3 dao4","rice plant","More formal than 棵. Used in written Chinese and scientific contexts. In spoken Chinese, 棵 is more common.",[1701,1750],"🌹",{"chinese":2579,"english":2580,"tip":2581},"\"株\"是\"棵\"的书面语版本。你在植物学论文里会看到\"一株玫瑰\"，但在菜市场永远不会听到\"一株白菜\"（太文绉绉了！）。\"株\"还有一个特殊用法：疫苗。\"一株新冠疫苗\"——这里借用植物的意象，把病毒株比作一株植物。这个词在2020年之后突然变得家喻户晓。另外成语\"守株待兔\"里的\"株\"就是树桩的意思——农夫守着树桩等兔子撞上来，比喻不劳而获。","**株 (zhū)** is 棵's literary\u002Fformal version. You'll see \"a rose plant (株)\" in bot papers, never at a vegetable market (too fancy!). Special usage: vaccines. \"A strain of COVID vaccine\" — borrowing plant imagery, treating virus strains like plants. This word became household knowledge after 2020. Idiom \"守株待兔\" (guarding a tree stump for rabbits) = waiting for windfall without effort.","株 = formal\u002Fwritten version of 棘. Also used for vaccine strains!",{"id":2583,"character":2584,"pinyin":2585,"category":7,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2586,"examples":2587,"commonNouns":2600,"difficulty":193,"tip":2610,"relatedWords":2611,"visualEmoji":2612,"culturalStory":2613},"shu_shu","束","shu4","Classifier for things bound together — bundles, bunches, rays (of light).",[2588,2592,2596],{"sentence":2589,"pinyin":2590,"translation":2591},"一束花","yī shù huā","a bouquet of flowers",{"sentence":2593,"pinyin":2594,"translation":2595},"一束光","yī shù guāng","a beam of light",{"sentence":2597,"pinyin":2598,"translation":2599},"两束钥匙","liǎng shù yào shi","two bunches of keys",[2601,2603,2607],{"zh":1745,"pinyin":1746,"en":2602},"flowers (bouquet)",{"zh":2604,"pinyin":2605,"en":2606},"光","guang1","light",{"zh":1525,"pinyin":2608,"en":2609},"yao4 shi","keys","Things tied\u002Fgathered together. A bouquet (cut flowers tied), a beam (light rays gathered).",[1497,1701],"💐",{"chinese":2614,"english":2615,"tip":2616},"\"束\"给人一种\"捆在一起\"的画面感。\"一束花\"是花店最常见的商品——各种花被捆成一束，用漂亮的纸包起来送给喜欢的人。\"一束光\"则是更诗意的用法：黑暗中的一束光，给人希望的感觉。\"一束钥匙\"是很多家庭的常见景象——全家的钥匙串在一个圈上。\"束\"和\"串\"的区别在于：\"束\"是用绳子\u002F丝带捆的（比较优雅），\"串\"是用签子\u002F铁丝穿的（比较实用）。","**束 (shù)** creates an image of things bound together. \"A bouquet of flowers\" — the florist shop staple, flowers tied with ribbon. \"A beam of light\" is more poetic — hope in darkness. \"A bunch of keys\" — every family's keyring. 束 vs 串: 束 = tied with string\u002Fribbon (elegant); 串 = threaded on a skewer\u002Fwire (practical).","束 = elegantly tied bundle. Bouquets, light beams, key bunches.",{"id":2618,"character":2619,"pinyin":2620,"category":766,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2621,"examples":2622,"commonNouns":2635,"difficulty":193,"tip":2653,"relatedWords":2654,"visualEmoji":2655,"culturalStory":2656},"chuan","串","chuan4","Classifier for things strung together on a string, skewer, or thread.",[2623,2627,2631],{"sentence":2624,"pinyin":2625,"translation":2626},"一串钥匙","yī chuàn yào shi","a bunch of keys (on a ring)",{"sentence":2628,"pinyin":2629,"translation":2630},"一串葡萄","yī chuàn pú táo","a bunch of grapes",{"sentence":2632,"pinyin":2633,"translation":2634},"两串羊肉串","liǎng chuàn yáng ròu chuàn","two skewers of lamb",[2636,2637,2641,2645,2649],{"zh":1525,"pinyin":2608,"en":2609},{"zh":2638,"pinyin":2639,"en":2640},"葡萄","pu2 tao2","grapes",{"zh":2642,"pinyin":2643,"en":2644},"糖葫芦","tang2 hu2 lu","candied hawthorn on a stick",{"zh":2646,"pinyin":2647,"en":2648},"羊肉串","yang2 rou4 chuan4","lamb skewers",{"zh":2650,"pinyin":2651,"en":2652},"珍珠","zhen1 zhu1","pearls","Things on a string\u002Fthread\u002Fskewer. Very visual — picture items threaded on a line.",[2583],"🍢",{"chinese":2657,"english":2658,"tip":2659},"\"串\"是最有画面感的量词之一！想想\"一串葡萄\"——一颗颗葡萄排成一条线，像珍珠项链一样。\"一串钥匙\"挂在腰间叮当作响。\"一串羊肉串\"在烧烤摊上冒着香气。\"串\"字本身就像两样东西用一根线穿起来的样子（中间是\"口\"方框，上下两竖像穿线的针）。在中国街头小吃文化中，\"串\"的地位无可取代——烤串、糖葫芦串、炸串，没有\"串\"就没有夜生活！","**串 (chuàn)** is one of the most visual classifiers! Picture \"a bunch of grapes\" — individual grapes lined up like pearls. \"Keys on a ring\" jingling at your waist. \"Lamb skewers\" sizzling at a BBQ stall. The character itself looks like things threaded on a line. In Chinese street food culture, 串 is irreplaceable — skewers, candied hawthorn, fried sticks. No 串 = no nightlife!","串 = things on a string\u002Fthread. Grapes, keys, street food skewers!",{"id":2661,"character":2662,"pinyin":2663,"category":59,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2664,"examples":2665,"commonNouns":2678,"difficulty":193,"tip":2694,"relatedWords":2695,"visualEmoji":242,"culturalStory":2696},"qun_qun","群","qun2","Classifier for groups\u002Fflocks of people or animals.",[2666,2670,2674],{"sentence":2667,"pinyin":2668,"translation":2669},"一群人","yī qún rén","a crowd of people",{"sentence":2671,"pinyin":2672,"translation":2673},"一群羊","yī qún yáng","a flock of sheep",{"sentence":2675,"pinyin":2676,"translation":2677},"一群孩子","yī qún hái zi","a group of children",[2679,2681,2684,2687,2690],{"zh":76,"pinyin":2680,"en":59},"ren2",{"zh":325,"pinyin":2682,"en":2683},"hai2 zi","children",{"zh":475,"pinyin":2685,"en":2686},"yang2","sheep",{"zh":364,"pinyin":2688,"en":2689},"niao3","birds",{"zh":2691,"pinyin":2692,"en":2693},"大学生","da4 xue2 sheng1","college students","A gathering that moves or acts together. Flocks, crowds, herds — living groups.",[56],{"chinese":2697,"english":2698,"tip":2699},"\"群\"是一个充满活力的量词。\"一群孩子\"在操场上跑，\"一群鸟\"飞过天空，\"一群朋友\"聚在一起聊天——\"群\"描述的不是静止的一堆，而是**活生生的、会动的群体**。\"群\"字左边是\"君\"（君主），右边是\"羊\"（羊群），合起来就是\"君主管理的群体\"——暗示这群东西是有组织的、朝同一个方向移动的。社交媒体上的\"群聊\"用的就是这个\"群\"——一群人在同一个虚拟空间里活跃地交流。","**群 (qún)** is full of energy. \"A group of children\" running on the playground, \"a flock of birds\" across the sky, \"a group of friends\" chatting — 群 describes not a static pile but a **living, moving collective**. Character: 君 (monarch) + 羊 (sheep) = \"a ruler's flock\" — organized, moving together. Social media \"group chat\" uses this same 群 — people actively communicating in one virtual space.","群 = living, moving group. Flocks, crowds, herds. Full of energy!",{"id":2701,"character":2702,"pinyin":2703,"category":1906,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2704,"examples":2705,"commonNouns":2722,"difficulty":99,"tip":2740,"relatedWords":2741,"visualEmoji":2742,"culturalStory":2743},"xie","些","xie1","Indefinite classifier meaning 'some' or 'a few' — indicates a small, unspecified quantity.",[2706,2710,2714,2718],{"sentence":2707,"pinyin":2708,"translation":2709},"一些书","yī xiē shū","some books",{"sentence":2711,"pinyin":2712,"translation":2713},"一些人","yī xiē rén","some people",{"sentence":2715,"pinyin":2716,"translation":2717},"这些问题","zhè xiē wèn tí","these problems",{"sentence":2719,"pinyin":2720,"translation":2721},"想一些办法","xiǎng yī xiě bàn fǎ","think of some solutions",[2723,2726,2727,2730,2734,2736],{"zh":590,"pinyin":2724,"en":2725},"shu1","books",{"zh":76,"pinyin":2680,"en":59},{"zh":84,"pinyin":2728,"en":2729},"wen4 ti2","problems \u002F questions",{"zh":2731,"pinyin":2732,"en":2733},"钱","qian2","money",{"zh":2259,"pinyin":2735,"en":2261},"shi2 jian1",{"zh":2737,"pinyin":2738,"en":2739},"东西","dong1 xi","things \u002F stuff","The closest Chinese equivalent to the English word 'some'. Very commonly used in daily speech!",[56],"🔢",{"chinese":2744,"english":2745,"tip":2746},"\"些\"是唯一一个不表示具体数量的量词！\"一些人\"、\"一些书\"、\"这些问题\"——它就是中文里的\"some\u002Fa few\"。这个量词的特殊之处在于：它前面**必须**有\"一\"（不能说\"些人\"，必须说\"一些人\"），而且不能用在数字后面（不能说\"五些书\"）。\"些\"和\"一点\"很像，但\"一点\"更强调少，\"些\"只是不确定数量。在HSK考试中，\"些\"几乎是必考——因为它太常用而且有很多固定搭配（\"有些\"、\"一些\"、\"这些\"、\"那些\"）。","**些 (xiē)** is the ONLY classifier that doesn't specify a quantity! \"Some people,\" \"some books,\" \"these problems\" — it's Chinese for \"some\u002Fa few.\" Unique rules: MUST have 一 before it (never just 些人), can't follow numbers (never 五些书). Similar to 一点 but 些 doesn't emphasize smallness, just unspecified amount. Almost guaranteed to appear in HSK exams — extremely common with fixed patterns (有些, 一些, 这些, 那些).","些 = some \u002F a few. Chinese equivalent of 'some'. Must use with 一!",{"id":2748,"character":2749,"pinyin":2750,"category":573,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":2751,"examples":2752,"commonNouns":2765,"difficulty":193,"tip":2777,"relatedWords":2778,"visualEmoji":2779,"culturalStory":2780},"shou","首","shou3","Classifier for songs, poems, and musical compositions (as whole works).",[2753,2757,2761],{"sentence":2754,"pinyin":2755,"translation":2756},"一首歌","yī shǒu gē","a song",{"sentence":2758,"pinyin":2759,"translation":2760},"两首诗","liǎng shǒu shī","two poems",{"sentence":2762,"pinyin":2763,"translation":2764},"一首曲子","yī shǒu qǔ zi","a piece of music",[2766,2768,2771,2775],{"zh":1574,"pinyin":2767,"en":1576},"ge1",{"zh":2316,"pinyin":2769,"en":2770},"shi1","poem",{"zh":2772,"pinyin":2773,"en":2774},"曲子","qu3 zi","musical piece \u002F tune",{"zh":2263,"pinyin":2776,"en":2265},"yin1 yue4","For artistic\u002Fliterary works: songs, poems, melodies. Think 'a piece of art expressed in words or music'.",[1546,442],"🎵",{"chinese":2781,"english":2782,"tip":2783},"\"首\"是艺术作品的量词。\"一首歌\"让你想跟着哼，\"一首诗\"让你想慢慢品味，\"一首曲子\"让你闭上眼睛欣赏。\"首\"的原意是\"头\"（人体的头部），引申为\"开始\"、\"第一\"，所以\"一首\"就是\"一篇完整的作品从头到尾\"。在古代，\"首\"也用来计算诗歌——诗人说\"吟成一首\"就是完成了一篇作品。现在我们说\"这首歌太好听了\"，\"首\"已经成为音乐和诗歌的专属量词了。","**首 (shǒu)** is for artistic works. \"A song\" makes you hum along, \"a poem\" makes you savor slowly, \"a musical piece\" makes you close your eyes and appreciate. 首 originally meant \"head\" (body's head) → \"beginning\u002Ffirst,\" so \"一首\" = \"one complete work from start to finish.\" Ancient poets said \"composed one 首\" = finished one work. Now \"this song is amazing\" — 首 is the dedicated classifier for music and poetry.","首 = song \u002F poem \u002F musical piece. Art for your ears.",{"id":2785,"character":2786,"pinyin":2787,"category":573,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2788,"examples":2789,"commonNouns":2802,"difficulty":43,"tip":2822,"relatedWords":2823,"visualEmoji":2824,"culturalStory":2825},"ze","则","ze2","Classifier for news items, notices, advertisements, and short entries.",[2790,2794,2798],{"sentence":2791,"pinyin":2792,"translation":2793},"一则新闻","yī zé xīn wén","a news item",{"sentence":2795,"pinyin":2796,"translation":2797},"两则广告","liǎng zé guǎng gào","two advertisements",{"sentence":2799,"pinyin":2800,"translation":2801},"一则寓言","yī zé yù yán","a fable \u002F parable",[2803,2806,2810,2814,2818],{"zh":432,"pinyin":2804,"en":2805},"xin1 wen2","news (item)",{"zh":2807,"pinyin":2808,"en":2809},"广告","guang3 gao4","advertisement",{"zh":2811,"pinyin":2812,"en":2813},"通知","tong1 zhi1","notice",{"zh":2815,"pinyin":2816,"en":2817},"故事","gu4 shi4","story",{"zh":2819,"pinyin":2820,"en":2821},"笑话","xiao4 hua4","joke","Formal\u002Fwritten. Used for individual items within a category of information — news briefs, ads, notices.",[385],"📰",{"chinese":2826,"english":2827,"tip":2828},"\"则\"是一个很\"新闻化\"的量词。\"一则新闻\"、\"一则广告\"、\"一则通知\"——你会在报纸、电视滚动条、手机推送里不断看到它。\"则\"作为量词时，暗示这是一条\"独立的信息单元\"，就像报纸上的一栏或者广播里的一条播报。古文中\"则\"更多用作连词（\"否则\"=如果不这样），但作量词时完全是现代用法。在HSK阅读中，\"则\"常出现在新闻类文章的标题或摘要里。","**则 (zé)** is a very \"journalistic\" classifier. \"A news item,\" \"an advertisement,\" \"a notice\" — you'll see it constantly in newspapers, TV tickers, phone notifications. As a classifier, 则 implies an independent information unit — like a newspaper column or radio broadcast item. Classical Chinese used 则 more as conjunction (\"otherwise\"), but as a classifier it's purely modern. In HSK reading, 则 often appears in news article headlines or summaries.","则 = news item \u002F notice \u002F short entry. Journalism vocabulary.",{"id":2830,"character":2831,"pinyin":2832,"category":1906,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2833,"examples":2834,"commonNouns":2847,"difficulty":43,"tip":2856,"relatedWords":2857,"visualEmoji":2858,"culturalStory":2859},"tong","通","tong1","Classifier for phone calls, formal documents, and lengthy communications.",[2835,2839,2843],{"sentence":2836,"pinyin":2837,"translation":2838},"一通电话","yī tōng diàn huà","a phone call",{"sentence":2840,"pinyin":2841,"translation":2842},"打一通电话","dǎ yī tōng diàn huà","make a phone call",{"sentence":2844,"pinyin":2845,"translation":2846},"一顿操作","yī dùn cāo zuò","a series of operations (slang)",[2848,2852],{"zh":2849,"pinyin":2850,"en":2851},"电话","dian4 hua4","phone call",{"zh":2853,"pinyin":2854,"en":2855},"批评","pi1 ping2","criticism (a round of)","Most commonly used in 一通电话 (a phone call). Can also mean 'a spree\u002Fstreak of doing something'.",[1903],"📞",{"chinese":2860,"english":2861,"tip":2862},"\"通\"作为量词最经典的搭配就是\"一通电话\"。你有没有发现，中文里很少说\"一个电话\"？因为打电话不是一个静态的对象，而是一系列动作——拿起电话、拨号、交谈、挂断。\"一通电话\"完美地描述了这个**过程性**的事件。\"通\"还有个口语用法：\"乱说一通\"意思是胡说八道了一阵子（像一阵风一样吹过）。\"折腾一通\"意思是忙活了一大番。这里的\"通\"都带有\"一连串动作\"的含义。","**通 (tōng)**'s classic pairing is \"a phone call.\" Notice Chinese rarely says \"a phone (个)\"? Because calling isn't a static object but a sequence of actions — pick up, dial, talk, hang up. \"A call\" perfectly captures this **processual** event. Colloquial usage: \"talk nonsense for a while (通)\" = ramble on like wind passing. \"Fuss about (通)\" = busy oneself extensively. Here 通 implies \"a series of actions.\"","通 = a phone call \u002F a spree of activity. Process-oriented!",{"id":2864,"character":2865,"pinyin":2866,"category":7,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2867,"examples":2868,"commonNouns":2881,"difficulty":193,"tip":2896,"relatedWords":2897,"visualEmoji":2898,"culturalStory":2899},"juan","卷","juan3","Classifier for rolled-up objects — scrolls, tape, paper, fabric.",[2869,2873,2877],{"sentence":2870,"pinyin":2871,"translation":2872},"一卷纸","yī juǎn zhǐ","a roll of paper",{"sentence":2874,"pinyin":2875,"translation":2876},"一卷胶带","yī juǎn jiāo dài","a roll of tape",{"sentence":2878,"pinyin":2879,"translation":2880},"两卷卫生纸","liǎng juǎn wèi shēng zhǐ","two rolls of toilet paper",[2882,2884,2888,2892],{"zh":640,"pinyin":2883,"en":642},"zhi3",{"zh":2885,"pinyin":2886,"en":2887},"胶带","jiao1 dai4","tape \u002F adhesive tape",{"zh":2889,"pinyin":2890,"en":2891},"卫生纸","wei4 sheng1 zhi3","toilet paper",{"zh":2893,"pinyin":2894,"en":2895},"地毯","di4 tan3","carpet (rolled)","Anything that comes in a roll or can be rolled up. Visualize a cylinder shape.",[46],"📜",{"chinese":2900,"english":2901,"tip":2902},"\"卷\"让人想到卫生纸——\"一卷卫生纸\"是每个家庭必备的。但\"卷\"也可以很高雅：\"一卷书画\"是收藏家的珍品，\"一卷经书\"是寺庙里的法宝。\"卷\"的核心意象是**圆柱形的、可以展开的东西**。古代的书确实是卷起来的（叫\"卷轴\"），所以\"卷\"天然带有文化的气息。动词\"卷\"也很常用：\"卷铺盖\"（辞职——把铺盖卷起来走人）、\"卷入\"（被牵扯进去）。","**卷 (juǎn)** makes you think of toilet paper — \"a roll\" in every home. But 卷 can be elegant too: \"a scroll of painting\u002FCalligraphy\" (collector's treasure), \"a sutra scroll\" (temple treasure). Core image: **cylindrical, rollable things**. Ancient books really were scrolls, so 卷 carries cultural air. Verb 卷 is also common: \"roll up bedding\" (quit job), \"get dragged into (卷入).\"","卷 = rolled\u002Fcylindrical objects. Toilet paper, scrolls, tape.",{"id":2904,"character":2905,"pinyin":2906,"category":766,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2907,"examples":2908,"commonNouns":2921,"difficulty":193,"tip":2938,"relatedWords":2939,"visualEmoji":2940,"culturalStory":2941},"shao","勺","shao2","Classifier for spoonfuls of substances.",[2909,2913,2917],{"sentence":2910,"pinyin":2911,"translation":2912},"一勺药","yī sháo yào","a spoonful of medicine",{"sentence":2914,"pinyin":2915,"translation":2916},"两勺糖","liǎng sháo táng","two spoons of sugar",{"sentence":2918,"pinyin":2919,"translation":2920},"吃一勺蜂蜜","chī yī sháo fēng mì","eat a spoonful of honey",[2922,2924,2928,2932,2936],{"zh":988,"pinyin":2923,"en":990},"yao4",{"zh":2925,"pinyin":2926,"en":2927},"糖","tang2","sugar",{"zh":2929,"pinyin":2930,"en":2931},"盐","yan2","salt",{"zh":2933,"pinyin":2934,"en":2935},"蜂蜜","feng1 mi4","honey",{"zh":850,"pinyin":2937,"en":2485},"fan4","A spoonful-sized amount. Common when talking about cooking ingredients or medicine dosage.",[816,817],"🥄",{"chinese":2942,"english":2943,"tip":2944},"\"勺\"是小而精确的量词。\"一勺药\"——不多不少正好一口能喝下去的量。\"一勺盐\"炒菜放这么多刚好。\"勺\"来自\"勺子\"这个名词（就是喝汤用的那个工具），所以\"一勺\"的字面意思就是\"一勺子的量\"。在中医里，\"一剂药，分三次，每次一勺\"是很常见的服药说明。做饭的时候，\"加两勺糖\"比\"加多少克糖\"更直观——因为每个人都有勺子！","**勺 (sháo)** is small and precise. \"A spoonful of medicine\" — exactly one mouthful. \"A spoonful of salt\" for cooking — just right. From noun 勺子 (spoon), so literally \"one spoon's worth.\" In TCM: \"one dose, divide into three, one spoonful each time.\" Cooking: \"add two spoons of sugar\" is more intuitive than grams — everyone has a spoon!","勺 = spoonful. Precise, kitchen-friendly measure.",{"id":2946,"character":2947,"pinyin":2948,"category":7,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2949,"examples":2950,"commonNouns":2963,"difficulty":43,"tip":2976,"relatedWords":2977,"visualEmoji":2978,"culturalStory":2979},"zhan_zhan","盏","zhan3","Classifier for lamps, lights, and drinking vessels (literary\u002Fpoetic).",[2951,2955,2959],{"sentence":2952,"pinyin":2953,"translation":2954},"一盏灯","yī zhǎn dēng","a lamp \u002F light",{"sentence":2956,"pinyin":2957,"translation":2958},"一盏台灯","yī zhǎn tái dēng","a desk lamp",{"sentence":2960,"pinyin":2961,"translation":2962},"一盏茶","yī zhǎn chá","a cup of tea (poetic)",[2964,2968,2972],{"zh":2965,"pinyin":2966,"en":2967},"灯","deng1","lamp \u002F light",{"zh":2969,"pinyin":2970,"en":2971},"台灯","tai2 deng1","desk lamp",{"zh":2973,"pinyin":2974,"en":2975},"路灯","lu4 deng1","street light","Literary\u002Fpoetic. In modern Chinese, mainly used for lights\u002Flamps. In classical Chinese, also meant a drinking cup.",[],"💡",{"chinese":2980,"english":2981,"tip":2982},"\"盏\"是一个充满诗意的量词。\"一盏灯\"照亮黑暗，\"一盏台灯\"陪伴无数个苦读的夜晚。古代的\"盏\"指的是一种小杯子（灯盏），里面盛油放灯芯，点燃后就是一盏灯。所以\"盏\"从名词（灯具容器）演变成了量词。\"一盏茶\"在古诗中偶尔出现，是一种很文雅的说法（比\"一杯茶\"更有意境）。成语\"一盏清茶\"传达出一种淡泊宁静的生活态度。现代主要还是用于灯具。","**盏 (zhǎn)** is poetic. \"A lamp\" lighting up darkness, \"a desk lamp\" accompanying countless late-night study sessions. Ancient 盏 was a small oil lamp container → evolved into classifier. \"A cup of tea (盏)\" occasionally appears in classical poetry — more elegant than 杯. Idiom \"a clear tea (盏)\" conveys a tranquil, unworldly lifestyle. Modern usage: mostly for lamps and lights.","盏 = lamp\u002Flight. Poetic and elegant. Ancient oil lamp vessel.",{"id":2984,"character":2985,"pinyin":2986,"category":7,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":2987,"examples":2988,"commonNouns":3001,"difficulty":43,"tip":3015,"relatedWords":3016,"visualEmoji":3017,"culturalStory":3018},"ji","剂","ji4","Classifier for doses of medicine (especially traditional Chinese medicine preparations).",[2989,2993,2997],{"sentence":2990,"pinyin":2991,"translation":2992},"一剂药","yī jì yào","a dose of medicine",{"sentence":2994,"pinyin":2995,"translation":2996},"一剂良方","yī jì liáng fāng","a good prescription",{"sentence":2998,"pinyin":2999,"translation":3000},"三剂中药","sān jì zhōng yào","three doses of TCM",[3002,3003,3007,3011],{"zh":988,"pinyin":2923,"en":990},{"zh":3004,"pinyin":3005,"en":3006},"中药","zhong1 yao4","traditional Chinese medicine",{"zh":3008,"pinyin":3009,"en":3010},"汤药","tang1 yao4","decoction (TCM)",{"zh":3012,"pinyin":3013,"en":3014},"良方","liang2 fang1","good prescription","Medical context only. A prepared dose of medicine, especially in TCM (traditional Chinese medicine).",[2904],"💊",{"chinese":3019,"english":3020,"tip":3021},"\"剂\"是医药领域的专用量词。\"一剂药\"、\"一剂良方\"——听起来就很专业。\"剂\"在古代指的是调配好的药物（\"药剂\"），所以\"一剂\"就是\"一个调配好的完整疗程用量\"。中医开药时会说\"三剂，水煎服\"（三份，用水煎服）。西医里虽然不说\"一剂抗生素\"（通常说\"一个疗程\"），但在中药语境中\"剂\"依然是标准量词。这个词在日常生活中不太常用，但在医疗相关的阅读材料中会出现。","**剂 (jì)** is medicine's dedicated classifier. \"A dose of medicine,\" \"a good prescription\" — sounds professional. Anciently, 剂 meant prepared medicine (药剂), so \"一剂\" = \"one complete prepared dosage.\" TCM prescriptions: \"three doses, water-boiled.\" Western medicine doesn't use it much (says \"treatment course\" instead), but in TCM contexts 剂 remains standard. Uncommon daily but appears in medical reading materials.","剂 = dose of medicine. TCM \u002F pharmaceutical context.",{"id":3023,"character":3024,"pinyin":3025,"category":59,"hskLevel":193,"meaningEn":3026,"examples":3027,"commonNouns":3040,"difficulty":99,"tip":3055,"relatedWords":3056,"visualEmoji":3057,"culturalStory":3058},"kou","口","kou3","Classifier for family members (counting people in a household) and things spoken.",[3028,3032,3036],{"sentence":3029,"pinyin":3030,"translation":3031},"三口人","sān kǒu rén","three family members (household size)",{"sentence":3033,"pinyin":3034,"translation":3035},"五口家","wǔ kǒu jiā","a five-person household",{"sentence":3037,"pinyin":3038,"translation":3039},"一口流利的中文","yī kǒu liú lì de zhōng wén","fluent Chinese (idiom: literally 'a mouthful')",[3041,3043,3047,3051],{"zh":76,"pinyin":2680,"en":3042},"person (family member)",{"zh":3044,"pinyin":3045,"en":3046},"家","jia1","family \u002F household",{"zh":3048,"pinyin":3049,"en":3050},"气","qi4","breath",{"zh":3052,"pinyin":3053,"en":3054},"井","jing3","well","Almost exclusively used for counting family members (几口人?) or in idioms like 一口流利 (fluent). Super high frequency in daily life!",[56,102],"👨‍👩‍👧‍👦",{"chinese":3059,"english":3060,"tip":3061},"\"口\"可能是最温馨的家庭量词了。\"三口之家\"——爸爸、妈妈和一个孩子，这就是中国人心中最标准的家庭画像。\"五口人\"说明是个大家庭。\"口\"作为量词专门用来数**家庭成员**，因为它原本的意思就是\"嘴\"（一个人的嘴=一个人要吃饭=一个家庭成员）。古代户籍制度中，每家每户都要报\"几口人\"，这个说法一直沿用至今。\"一口井\"是另一个用法——井也有\"口\"（开口），所以也用\"口\"来计量。","**口 (kǒu)** might be the warmest family classifier. \"Family of three\" — dad, mom, one child: China's ideal family portrait. \"Five people\" = big family. 口 specifically counts **family members** because it literally means \"mouth\" (one mouth = one person to feed = one family member). Ancient household registration required reporting \"how many mouths (口)\" — still used today. \"A well (口)\" — wells also have openings!","口 = family members (people with mouths to feed). Warm and domestic.",{"id":3063,"character":3064,"pinyin":3065,"category":59,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":3066,"examples":3067,"commonNouns":3080,"difficulty":193,"tip":3093,"relatedWords":3094,"visualEmoji":563,"culturalStory":3095},"hu","户","hu4","Classifier for households or families as administrative units.",[3068,3072,3076],{"sentence":3069,"pinyin":3070,"translation":3071},"十户人家","shí hù rén jiā","ten households",{"sentence":3073,"pinyin":3074,"translation":3075},"每户都要交费","měi hù dōu yào jiāo fèi","every household must pay",{"sentence":3077,"pinyin":3078,"translation":3079},"贫困户","pín kùn hù","impoverished household",[3081,3085,3089],{"zh":3082,"pinyin":3083,"en":3084},"人家","ren2 jia1","household \u002F family",{"zh":3086,"pinyin":3087,"en":3088},"农民","nong2 min2","farmers",{"zh":3090,"pinyin":3091,"en":3092},"居民","ju1 min2","residents","Administrative\u002Fformal. Used by governments, census, utilities. 户 = a registered household unit.",[3023],{"chinese":3096,"english":3097,"tip":3098},"\"户\"是\"口\"的行政升级版。\"十户人家\"——这不是在聊天，而是在做人口普查！\"户\"用于**住户单位**，强调的是一个独立的家庭住址。中国的户口制度是世界上独一无二的人口管理体系，每个人的\"户口\"决定了他在哪里上学、在哪里享受社会福利。\"贫困户\"、\"个体户\"、\"用户\"——\"户\"总是和\"管理\"、\"登记\"联系在一起。日常生活中，除了官方场合，人们更爱用\"口\"或\"家\"来数家庭。","**户 (hù)** is 口's administrative upgrade. \"Ten households\" — this isn't chat, it's census-taking! 户 for **household units**, emphasizing independent residential addresses. China's 户口 (hukou) system is unique globally — determines where you go to school, access welfare. \"Impoverished household,\" \"individual business,\" \"user\" — 户 always links to administration\u002Fregistration. Daily life prefers 口 or 家 for counting families.","户 = registered household. Administrative, bureaucratic.",{"id":3100,"character":3101,"pinyin":3102,"category":1002,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":3103,"examples":3104,"commonNouns":3117,"difficulty":193,"tip":3130,"relatedWords":3131,"visualEmoji":1043,"culturalStory":3132},"shan","扇","shan4","Classifier for doors and windows (things that open like a fan).",[3105,3109,3113],{"sentence":3106,"pinyin":3107,"translation":3108},"一扇门","yī shàn mén","a door",{"sentence":3110,"pinyin":3111,"translation":3112},"两扇窗","liǎng shàn chuāng","two windows",{"sentence":3114,"pinyin":3115,"translation":3116},"一扇屏风","yī shàn píng fēng","a folding screen",[3118,3122,3126],{"zh":3119,"pinyin":3120,"en":3121},"门","men2","door",{"zh":3123,"pinyin":3124,"en":3125},"窗","chuang1","window",{"zh":3127,"pinyin":3128,"en":3129},"屏风","ping2 feng1","folding screen","Named after the fan (扇子) because doors\u002Fwindows swing open like a fan. Only for doors and windows.",[56,1040],{"chinese":3133,"english":3134,"tip":3135},"\"扇\"这个名字来源于\"扇子\"——你想想扇子打开的样子，是不是跟门\u002F窗打开的样子一模一样？都是向一边翻开的结构！所以\"一扇门\"、\"一扇窗\"用的就是\"扇\"。这个量词很专一：**只能用于门和窗**（以及少数类似结构如屏风）。你不能说\"一扇桌子\"或\"一扇车\"。在古诗中，\"轻扇小窗\"（轻轻推开窗户）是一种很美的意境。现代建筑中，落地窗越来越常见，\"一扇落地窗\"成了豪宅的标准配置。","**扇 (shàn)** comes from \"fan\" (扇子) — picture a fan opening: isn't it exactly how doors\u002Fwindows open? Same side-swinging structure! So \"a door,\" \"a window\" use 扇. Very specific: **ONLY doors and windows** (and similar structures like screens). Never \"a fan-table\" or \"a fan-car.\" Poetry: \"gently push open a window (扇)\" — beautiful imagery. Modern architecture: \"a floor-to-ceiling window (扇)\" = luxury standard.","扇 = door\u002Fwindow (things that swing open like fans). Very exclusive!",{"id":2504,"character":3137,"pinyin":3138,"category":7,"hskLevel":43,"meaningEn":3139,"examples":3140,"commonNouns":3153,"difficulty":99,"tip":3168,"relatedWords":3169,"visualEmoji":3170,"culturalStory":3171},"包","bao1","Classifier for wrapped items, packages, bags of small goods.",[3141,3145,3149],{"sentence":3142,"pinyin":3143,"translation":3144},"一包面纸","yī bāo miàn zhǐ","a pack of tissues",{"sentence":3146,"pinyin":3147,"translation":3148},"两包零食","liǎng bāo líng shí","two bags of snacks",{"sentence":3150,"pinyin":3151,"translation":3152},"拿一包烟","ná yī bāo yān","take a pack of cigarettes",[3154,3158,3159,3162,3164],{"zh":3155,"pinyin":3156,"en":3157},"面纸","mian4 zhi3","tissues",{"zh":2499,"pinyin":2500,"en":2501},{"zh":2224,"pinyin":3160,"en":3161},"yan1","cigarettes",{"zh":2925,"pinyin":2926,"en":3163},"candy \u002F sweets",{"zh":3165,"pinyin":3166,"en":3167},"方便面","fang1 bian4 mian4","instant noodles","Very common for small packaged goods you'd buy at a convenience store. Tissues, snacks, cigarettes, instant noodles.",[2464,2420],"🎁",{"chinese":3172,"english":3173,"tip":3174},"\"包\"是便利店的灵魂量词。\"一包面纸\"放在桌上，\"一包零食\"塞进书包，\"一包烟\"递给朋友——这些都是日常生活中的小确幸。\"包\"作为量词强调的是**软包装、便携**的特点。和\"盒\"相比，\"包\"通常是塑料袋或软纸包装（可以捏变形），而\"盒\"是硬纸盒或塑料盒（有固定形状）。\"红包\"虽然用的是\"包\"，但在这里\"包\"已经变成了名词的一部分（红包=red envelope，不再强调包装形式）。","**包 (bāo)** is the convenience store's soul classifier. \"A pack of tissues\" on the desk, \"a pack of snacks\" in the backpack, \"a pack of cigarettes\" for a friend — daily life's little joys. 包 emphasizes **soft packaging, portability**. vs 盒: 包 = plastic bags\u002Fsoft paper (squishable); 盒 = hard boxes\u002Ffixed shape. \"Red envelope (红包)\" — here 包 is part of the compound noun, no longer emphasizing packaging.","包 = soft package. Convenient store essentials.",{"id":3176,"character":3177,"pinyin":3178,"category":7,"hskLevel":43,"meaningEn":3179,"examples":3180,"commonNouns":3193,"difficulty":99,"tip":3211,"relatedWords":3212,"visualEmoji":298,"culturalStory":3213},"he_he","盒","he2","Classifier for boxed items — boxes, cartons, containers with lids.",[3181,3185,3189],{"sentence":3182,"pinyin":3183,"translation":3184},"一盒巧克力","yī hé qiǎo kè lì","a box of chocolates",{"sentence":3186,"pinyin":3187,"translation":3188},"两盒药","liǎng hé yào","two boxes of medicine",{"sentence":3190,"pinyin":3191,"translation":3192},"一盒牛奶","yī hé niú nǎi","a carton of milk",[3194,3198,3199,3201,3205,3207],{"zh":3195,"pinyin":3196,"en":3197},"巧克力","qiao3 ke4 li4","chocolate",{"zh":988,"pinyin":2923,"en":990},{"zh":803,"pinyin":3200,"en":805},"niu2 nai3",{"zh":3202,"pinyin":3203,"en":3204},"饼干","bing1 gan1","cookies \u002F biscuits",{"zh":1356,"pinyin":3206,"en":1358},"li4 wu4",{"zh":3208,"pinyin":3209,"en":3210},"牙膏","ya2 gao1","toothpaste","For things in boxes or rigid containers with lids. Very common in daily shopping.",[2504,2464],{"chinese":3214,"english":3215,"tip":3216},"\"盒\"代表的是\"有盖子的硬质包装\"。\"一盒巧克力\"——精美的盒子打开是惊喜；\"一盒药\"——严肃的盒子印着说明书；\"一盒牛奶\"——方方正正的利乐包装。\"盒\"和\"包\"的关键区别在于硬度：**盒有固定形状，包可以变形**。送礼的时候，\"盒装\"通常比\"包装\"更显档次（因为盒子可以做精美设计）。\"一盒月饼\"是中秋节的标准配置——每个月饼都有独立的\"小窝\"（格子）在盒子里。","**盒 (hé)** means \"hard container with lid.\" \"A box of chocolates\" — open for surprise; \"a box of medicine\" — serious with instructions; \"a carton of milk\" — neat Tetra Pak. Key difference from 包: **盒 has fixed shape; 包 can deform**. Gifting: boxed (盒) > wrapped (包) because boxes allow premium design. \"A box of mooncakes\" = Mid-Autumn Festival standard — each mooncake has its own compartment.","盒 = rigid box with lid. Gift-worthy packaging.",{"id":3218,"character":3219,"pinyin":3220,"category":7,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":3221,"examples":3222,"commonNouns":3235,"difficulty":99,"tip":3250,"relatedWords":3251,"visualEmoji":3252,"culturalStory":3253},"tong_tong","桶","tong3","Classifier for bucket\u002Fbarrel-sized containers and their contents.",[3223,3227,3231],{"sentence":3224,"pinyin":3225,"translation":3226},"一桶水","yī tǒng shuǐ","a bucket of water",{"sentence":3228,"pinyin":3229,"translation":3230},"一桶油","yī tǒng yóu","a barrel of oil",{"sentence":3232,"pinyin":3233,"translation":3234},"两桶方便面","liǎng tǒng fāng biàn miàn","two buckets of instant noodles (family pack)",[3236,3238,3240,3242,3246],{"zh":791,"pinyin":3237,"en":793},"shui3",{"zh":1892,"pinyin":3239,"en":1894},"you2",{"zh":846,"pinyin":3241,"en":848},"mian4",{"zh":3243,"pinyin":3244,"en":3245},"爆米花","bao4 mi3 hua1","popcorn",{"zh":3247,"pinyin":3248,"en":3249},"炸鸡","zha2 ji1","fried chicken (bucket)","Bucket-sized containers. KFC bucket, water bucket, oil barrel.",[1751,763],"🪣",{"chinese":3254,"english":3255,"tip":3256},"\"桶\"是\"杯\"的大哥。\"一杯水\"够喝一口，\"一桶水\"够洗一脸。\"桶\"用于大容量的容器：水桶、油桶、 paint bucket（油漆桶）。KFC的\"全家桶\"是这个量词最成功的商业应用——一大桶炸鸡+薯条，够一家人分享。有趣的是，\"桶\"在俚语中还可以表示\"大量\"：\"一桶金\"（一大笔钱）源自 POT OF GOLD 的翻译。环保主义者可能会说\"一桶污水\"——这时候\"桶\"就不那么可爱了。","**桶 (tǒng)** is 杯's big brother. \"A cup of water\" = one sip; \"a bucket of water\" = face-wash amount. 桶 for large containers: water buckets, oil drums, paint pails. KFC's \"family bucket\" = most successful commercial application — enough fried chicken + fries for the whole family. Slang: \"a bucket of gold\" = fortune (from \"pot of gold\"). Environmentalist: \"a bucket of sewage\" — not so cute then.","桶 = bucket\u002Fbarrel. Big brother of 杯. KFC family bucket!",{"id":3258,"character":3259,"pinyin":3260,"category":1331,"hskLevel":711,"meaningEn":3261,"examples":3262,"commonNouns":3275,"difficulty":193,"tip":3292,"relatedWords":3293,"visualEmoji":3294,"culturalStory":3295},"chuang_chuang","床","chuang2","Classifier for beddings — quilts, blankets, sheets.",[3263,3267,3271],{"sentence":3264,"pinyin":3265,"translation":3266},"一床被子","yī chuáng bèi zi","a quilt \u002F blanket",{"sentence":3268,"pinyin":3269,"translation":3270},"两床单","liǎng chuáng dān","two sheets",{"sentence":3272,"pinyin":3273,"translation":3274},"一床毯子","yī chuáng tǎn zi","a blanket",[3276,3280,3284,3288],{"zh":3277,"pinyin":3278,"en":3279},"被子","bei4 zi","quilt \u002F blanket",{"zh":3281,"pinyin":3282,"en":3283},"单子","dan1 zi","sheet",{"zh":3285,"pinyin":3286,"en":3287},"毯子","tan3 zi","blanket \u002F throw",{"zh":3289,"pinyin":3290,"en":3291},"蚊帐","wen2 zhang4","mosquito net","Specific to bedding items. Originally meant 'bed' (noun), now also a classifier for things on a bed.",[56,385],"🛏️",{"chinese":3296,"english":3297,"tip":3298},"\"床\"作为量词专门管床上用品。\"一床被子\"、\"一床单\"、\"一床毯子\"——都是盖在身上或铺在床上的东西。为什么用\"床\"？因为这些物品的尺寸就是按照\"床\"的大小来设计的！一床被子正好覆盖一张床，一床单也差不多。有趣的是，\"床\"作为名词是「bed」，作为量词也是「bed-sized textile」。这种「名词→量词」的转化在中文里很常见（杯、碗、盘、桌都有类似用法）。南方人说\"一床蚊帐\"，北方人可能更熟悉\"一顶蚊帐\"——地区差异。","**床 (chuáng)** as a classifier manages beddings only. \"A quilt,\" \"a sheet,\" \"a blanket\" — things covering or spread on beds. Why 床? These items are sized FOR a bed! A quilt covers exactly one bed. Interesting: 床 as noun = bed; as classifier = bed-sized textile. Noun→classifier conversion is common in Chinese (杯, 碗, 盘, 桌 all do this). Southerners say \"a mosquito net (床)\"; northerners may prefer \"a mosquito net (顶)\" — regional variation.","床 = bedding items. Quilts, sheets, blankets. Bed-sized textiles.",{"id":3300,"character":3301,"pinyin":3302,"category":1906,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":3303,"examples":3304,"commonNouns":3321,"difficulty":193,"tip":3337,"relatedWords":3338,"visualEmoji":3339,"culturalStory":3340},"tuan","团","tuan2","Classifier for lump-shaped masses — dough, tangled things, clusters.",[3305,3309,3313,3317],{"sentence":3306,"pinyin":3307,"translation":3308},"一团面","yī tuán miàn","a ball of dough",{"sentence":3310,"pinyin":3311,"translation":3312},"一团乱麻","yī tuán luàn má","a tangled mess (idiom)",{"sentence":3314,"pinyin":3315,"translation":3316},"一团棉花","yī tuán mián huā","a ball of cotton",{"sentence":3318,"pinyin":3319,"translation":3320},"一团火","yī tuán huǒ","a ball of fire",[3322,3324,3328,3332,3334],{"zh":846,"pinyin":3241,"en":3323},"dough",{"zh":3325,"pinyin":3326,"en":3327},"线","xian4","thread \u002F yarn",{"zh":3329,"pinyin":3330,"en":3331},"棉花","mian2 hua1","cotton",{"zh":640,"pinyin":2883,"en":3333},"paper (crumpled)",{"zh":1782,"pinyin":3335,"en":3336},"yun2","clouds","Something rolled or gathered into a rough ball shape. Dough, cotton, hair, paper — anything clumped together.",[906],"🟤",{"chinese":3341,"english":3342,"tip":3343},"\"团\"描述的是一团模糊的、不规则的一坨。\"一团面\"在案板上被揉来揉去，\"一团乱麻\"怎么理也理不清，\"一团棉花\"蓬松柔软。\"团\"字外面是\"囗\"（包围），里面是\"才\"——好像有什么东西被包裹在中间看不清具体形状。\"团\"和\"堆\"的区别：\"团\"强调圆形\u002F球形的不规则团块，\"堆\"强调累积起来的东西（一堆砖头）。\"一团火\"既可以说是火焰的形状，也可以比喻热情或愤怒的情绪——\"一团火气\"。","**团 (tuán)** describes an amorphous, irregular lump. \"A ball of dough\" kneaded on the board, \"a tangled mess\" that won't untangle, \"a ball of cotton\" soft and fluffy. Character: 囗 (enclosure) + 才 inside = something wrapped up, shape unclear. 团 vs 堆: 团 = round\u002Fspherical irregular mass; 堆 = accumulated stuff (pile of bricks). \"A ball of fire\" can describe flame shape OR intense emotion — \"fiery temper.\"","团 = amorphous lump. Dough, cotton, tangled messes. Round-ish blob.",{"id":3345,"character":3346,"pinyin":3347,"category":1906,"hskLevel":193,"meaningEn":3348,"examples":3349,"commonNouns":3362,"difficulty":193,"Tip":3381,"relatedWords":3382,"visualEmoji":3383,"culturalStory":3384,"tip":3388},"dui_dui","对","dui4","Classifier for couples, paired items, and matched sets.",[3350,3354,3358],{"sentence":3351,"pinyin":3352,"translation":3353},"一对夫妻","yī duì fū qī","a married couple",{"sentence":3355,"pinyin":3356,"translation":3357},"一对耳环","yī duì ěr huán","a pair of earrings",{"sentence":3359,"pinyin":3360,"translation":3361},"一双≠一对","yī shuāng bù yí duì","a pair ≠ a couple (双=matching items, 对=couple\u002Fmatch)",[3363,3367,3371,3375,3379],{"zh":3364,"pinyin":3365,"en":3366},"夫妻","fu1 qi1","married couple",{"zh":3368,"pinyin":3369,"en":3370},"耳环","er3 huan2","earrings",{"zh":3372,"pinyin":3373,"en":3374},"情侣","qing2 lv3","couple (romantic)",{"zh":3376,"pinyin":3377,"en":3378},"翅膀","chi4 bang3","wings",{"zh":1407,"pinyin":3380,"en":1409},"kuai4 zi","对 emphasizes the relationship between the two items (couple, partners), while 双 just means two matching items (like shoes).",[1373,4],"💑",{"chinese":3385,"english":3386,"tip":3387},"\"对\"是关于关系的量词。\"一对夫妻\"——两个人因为婚姻关系成为\"一对\"；\"一对耳环\"——两个耳环因为配套设计成为\"一对\"。\"对\"和\"双\"的区别很微妙：\"一双鞋\"强调两只鞋可以配对穿（功能性的），\"一对情侣\"强调两个人之间的情感关系（关系性的）。\"一对翅膀\"——左翅和右翅必须同时存在才能飞，这种相互依存的关系就是\"对\"的本质。在婚礼上，\"新人\"永远是以\"对\"出现的。","**对 (duì)** is about relationships. \"A married couple\" — two people joined by marriage = 一对; \"a pair of earrings\" — two earrings designed as a set = 一对. Subtle vs 双: 双 = functional pairing (wearable pair); 对 = relational coupling (emotional bond). \"A pair of wings\" — left and right must coexist to fly. This interdependence is 对's essence. At weddings, the couple always appears as 一对.","对 = coupled pair. Relationship emphasis. Couples, matching sets.","Use 对 for couples and natural pairs: 一对夫妻 (a married couple), 一对鞋 (a pair of shoes).",{"id":3390,"character":3391,"pinyin":3392,"category":7,"hskLevel":564,"meaningEn":3393,"examples":3394,"commonNouns":3407,"difficulty":193,"tip":3422,"relatedWords":3423,"visualEmoji":616,"culturalStory":3424},"die","叠","die2","Classifier for stacked\u002Flayered flat objects.",[3395,3399,3403],{"sentence":3396,"pinyin":3397,"translation":3398},"一叠碗","yī dié wǎn","a stack of bowls",{"sentence":3400,"pinyin":3401,"translation":3402},"两叠纸","liǎng dié zhǐ","two stacks of paper",{"sentence":3404,"pinyin":3405,"translation":3406},"一叠钞票","yī dié chāo piào","a stack of banknotes",[3408,3410,3411,3415,3419],{"zh":824,"pinyin":825,"en":3409},"bowls",{"zh":640,"pinyin":2883,"en":642},{"zh":3412,"pinyin":3413,"en":3414},"钞票","chao1 piao4","banknotes",{"zh":3416,"pinyin":3417,"en":3418},"盘子","pan2 zi","plates",{"zh":1348,"pinyin":3420,"en":3421},"yi1 fu","clothes (folded)","Flat things stacked on top of each other. Plates, papers, bowls nested together.",[46,2864],{"chinese":3425,"english":3426,"tip":3427},"\"叠\"是最整齐的量词。\"一叠碗\"——碗一个扣一个，整整齐齐地摞在一起；\"一叠钞票\"——崭新的纸币对得整整齐齐；\"一叠作业本\"——学生的作业按学号排好。\"叠\"和\"堆\"的区别就在于**秩序感**：\"叠\"是有规则地一层层往上加（像叠罗汉），\"堆\"是无序地累积（像堆垃圾）。办公室里最常见的\"叠\"大概就是\"一叠文件\"——等待处理的 paperwork 总是那么高...","**叠 (dié)** is the tidiest classifier. \"A stack of bowls\" — nested neatly one inside another; \"a stack of banknotes\" — crisp bills aligned perfectly; \"a stack of homework\" — student papers arranged by number. 叠 vs 堆: **order** is the key — 叠 = rule-based layering (like stacking acrobats); 堆 = messy accumulation (like a trash pile). Office's most common 叠: \"a stack of documents\" — paperwork to process, always so tall...","叠 = neatly stacked layers. Bowls, papers, money. Orderly piles.",{"id":3429,"character":3430,"pinyin":3431,"category":766,"hskLevel":49,"meaningEn":3432,"examples":3433,"commonNouns":3446,"difficulty":193,"tip":3454,"relatedWords":3455,"visualEmoji":3456,"culturalStory":3457},"hu_hu","壶","hu2","Classifier for pot\u002Fflask-sized containers and their contents.",[3434,3438,3442],{"sentence":3435,"pinyin":3436,"translation":3437},"一壶茶","yī hú chá","a pot of tea",{"sentence":3439,"pinyin":3440,"translation":3441},"一壶酒","yī hú jiǔ","a flask of wine",{"sentence":3443,"pinyin":3444,"translation":3445},"两壶咖啡","liǎng hú kā fēi","two pots of coffee",[3447,3449,3451,3453],{"zh":795,"pinyin":3448,"en":797},"cha2",{"zh":811,"pinyin":812,"en":3450},"wine \u002F alcohol",{"zh":787,"pinyin":3452,"en":789},"ka1 fei1",{"zh":791,"pinyin":3237,"en":793},"Larger than 杯(cup), smaller than 桶(bucket). A pot or flask of something to share.",[3218],"🫖",{"chinese":3458,"english":3459,"tip":3460},"\"壶\"是介于\"杯\"和\"桶\"之间的量词。\"一壶茶\"——够倒好几杯的量；\"一壶酒\"——够几个人分享的量。在中国茶文化中，\"壶\"的地位崇高：紫砂壶不仅是工具，更是艺术品。\"一把壶\"（注意这里用\"把\"不用\"壶\"）说的是壶这个物件本身，而\"一壶茶\"说的是壶里的内容物。这种\"容器名→量词\"的转化很常见。古人说\"壶中日月\"，意思是壶里藏着一个小世界——喝茶聊天，时间仿佛静止了。","**壶 (hú)** sits between 杯 and 桶. \"A pot of tea\" — enough for several cups; \"a pot of wine\" — enough to share. In Chinese tea culture, 壶 holds high status: Yixing clay teapots are art objects. Note: \"a teapot (把)\" = the object itself; \"a pot of tea (壶)\" = contents inside. Container-name → classifier conversion is common. Ancients said \"universe in a pot\" — the pot hides a small world, time stands still during tea and chat.","壶 = pot\u002Fflask. Between cup and bucket size. Tea culture elegance.",1788416827801]